Dr Abhay Pande

05/08/2020

Constipation refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. The stool is often hard and dry. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not completely passed the bowel movement. Complications from constipation may include hemorrhoids, a**l fissure or f***l impaction. The normal frequency of bowel movements in adults is between three per day and three per week. Babies often have three to four bowel movements per day while young children typically have two to three per day.

Constipation has many causes. Common causes include slow movement of stool within the colon, irritable bowel syndrome, and pelvic floor disorders. Underlying associated diseases include hypothyroidism, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, colon cancer, diverticulitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Medications associated with constipation include opioids, certain antacids, calcium channel blockers, and anticholinergics. Of those taking opioids about 90% develop constipation. Constipation is more concerning when there is weight loss or anemia, blood is present in the stool, there is a history of inflammatory bowel disease or colon cancer in a person's family, or it is of new onset in someone who is older.

24/06/2020

*The US government’s Centre for Disease Control (CDC) has made official the emerging scientific evidence on Coronavirus transmission:*

1. *Very low risk* of transmission from surfaces.
2. *Very low risk* from outdoor activities.
3. *Very HIGH risk* from gatherings in enclosed spaces like offices, religious places, cinema halls, gyms or theatres.

These findings that have been emerging for a while need to be applied by people to manage the situation in the best possible manner. Time to reduce panic about surface transmission, and not be too eager to go back to office.

*LINK:*
https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/05/21/virus-does-not-spread-easily-contaminated-surfaces-or-animals-revised-cdc-website-states/

*LATEST FROM CDC, USA*

*Q - Who is expected to catch CORONAVIRUS?*
*Q - What does it take to infect?*

TO SUCCESSFULLY INFECT A PERSON, THE VIRUS NEEDS A DOSE OF ~1000 VIRAL PARTICLES (vp)

The typical environmental spread of activities:
😷 Breath: ~20 vp/minute
😷 Speaking: ~200 vp/minute
😷 Cough: ~200 million vp (enough of these may remain in air for hours in a poorly ventilated environment)
😷 Sneeze: ~200 million vp

*FORMULA*
SUCCESSFUL INFECTION = (Exposure to Virus x Time)

*SCENARIOS*
1. Being in vicinity of someone (with 6 ft distancing): Low risk if limit to less than 45 minutes

2. Talking to someone face to face (with mask): Low risk if limit to less than 4 minutes

3. Someone passing you by, like walking/jogging/cycling: Low risk

4. Well-ventilated spaces, with distancing: Low risk (limit duration)

5. Grocery shopping: Medium risk (can reduce to low by limiting time and following hygiene)

6. Indoor spaces: HIGH RISK

7. Public Bathrooms/Common areas: HIGH FOMITE/SURFACE TRANSFER RISK

8. Restaurants: HIGH RISK (can be reduced to medium risk by surface touch awareness)

9. Workplaces/Schools (even with social distancing): VERY HIGH RISK, including high fomite transfer risk

10. Parties/Weddings: VERY HIGH RISK

11. Business networking/conferences: VERY HIGH RISK

12. Arenas/Concerts/Cinemas: VERY HIGH RISK

*RISK FACTORS*
The bottom line factors you can use to calculate your risk are:
- indoors vs outdoors
- narrow spaces vs large, ventilated spaces
- high people density vs low people density
- longer exposure vs brief exposure

The risks will be higher for former scenarios.

*STAY SAFE*
Pl have a look important and pl circulate

Person-to-person spread is the primary source of transmission.

06/06/2020

Protect yourself and your family from COVID-19
Illustration of a pregnant woman sitting on a couch holding her belly.
Although there are currently no data showing that COVID-19 affects pregnant people differently than others, we do know that pregnant people are at greater risk of getting sick from other respiratory viruses than people who are not pregnant. Sometimes, this causes adverse outcomes for the mother or child. Therefore, if you are pregnant, be mindful about reducing your risk of getting sick. You can also teach your children everyday steps (such as proper handwashing) to stay healthy:

Practice social distancing.

Avoid people who are sick or who have been exposed to the virus.
Stay at home or stay at least 6 feet away from people who do not live in your home.
Wash your hands often.

Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds (or help your children wash their hands), especially:
After touching other people, including children;
After touching surfaces outside your home or items from outside that you have brought into your home;
After going to the bathroom or changing diapers;
After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing;
After handling dirty laundry;
Before eating or preparing food; and
Before breastfeeding or expressing milk.
Always wash your hands when they are visibly dirty.
If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.
Cover your coughs and sneezes.

Cover your coughs and sneezes with a tissue, throw the tissue in the trash, and then wash your hands. Or, cough into your elbow and clean your hands.
Clean, disinfect, and launder safely.

Clean and then disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects (e.g., phones, personal electronic devices, remote controls, tables, countertops, light switches, doorknobs, and cabinet handles).
Be sure to follow instructions for safely and effectively using disinfectants, including directions for rinsing off the chemicals after a period of time. In addition, be sure to keep products out of reach of children.
Launder items, including washable plush toys, by following the label or instructions. Launder items using the warmest appropriate water setting for the items and dry items completely, if possible. Dirty laundry from an ill person can be washed with other people’s items, but wash your hands after handling the dirty laundry

27/05/2020

26/05/2020

Obesity kills more people than many infectious diseases . Lock down gives less opportunities for outdoor exercise . But it is necessary to do it in home and eating less calories.

19/05/2020

20/04/2020

How Can I Stay Safe While Grocery Shopping?

To prevent transmission, maintain at least 6 feet of distance between yourself and other shoppers. Avoid shaking hands, hugs, or other physical contact. Try to wipe frequently touched surfaces like grocery carts or basket handles with disinfectant wipes, if available. Avoid touching your face. Wearing a cloth mask in the store may reduce your risk of getting infected and reminds others to participate in social distancing. Before leaving the store or while waiting in the checkout line, use hand sanitizer if available.

Avoid shopping in public if you have symptoms such as fever or cough. If you are symptomatic, wearing a mask may help prevent transmission to others. Washing your hands frequently and maintaining distance between yourself and others are the best ways to prevent illness.

What Precautions Should I Take When Unpacking Groceries?

Time is on your side. Recent studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 may remain infectious on surfaces or objects for up to 72 hours, but most virus on the surface of common materials becomes inactive (noninfectious) after the first 24 hours. There is limited evidence that virus particles on those products transmit disease.

10/04/2020

Heart disease is thought of as a “man’s disease” but disease remains the leading cause of death in women – ahead of all cancers, accident and stroke – killing more than 400,000 women a year.
Heart disease is a catch phrase for heart attacks, high blood , vascular , , or heart failure.
Heart attacks are particularly concerning for women because their symptoms tend to be different from men’s. Because women often do not recognize the symptoms of a heart attack, they can delay seeking care. According to the American Heart Association, fewer women than men survive their first heart attack.
Fortunately, public awareness of heart disease in women is improving as researchers unravel the differences in symptoms, treatment and survival of women compared to men. Unfortunately, in women, heart symptoms are often attributed to causes other than the cardiovascular system.

Women’s Heart Attack Symptoms
Rarely would a woman ignore a lump in her breast, and she shouldn’t. By the same token, she shouldn’t ignore the warning signs of heart attack.
We all know the classic heart attack symptoms, or think we do – that crushing, radiating chest pain combined, maybe, with nausea and a cold sweat.