28/07/2025
Attachment and Hypomentalisation! Results of a new study…
Hypomentalisation: Refers to difficulty understanding or recognising mental states like thoughts, feelings, desires, or intentions in oneself and others. Someone who is hypomentalising will struggle to accurately “read minds.”
This can mean they:
• Miss emotional cues (e.g., not realising someone is upset)
• Misunderstand intentions (e.g., thinking someone is angry when they’re just tired)
• Feel confused about their own emotions or behaviour
• Struggle in relationships because they can’t make sense of social dynamics or emotional responses
It’s different from hypermentalisation, which is when someone overinterprets others’ mental states, often imagining intentions or emotions that aren’t really there - a key feature of attachment anxiety.
Sekowski & Gambin (2025) just released findings from their new research about how disorganised attachment fits in with the more commonly studied styles of anxious and avoidant attachment.
They identified three key features of attachment (which weren’t a surprise):
• Anxiety (worry about being rejected or unloved)
• Avoidance (discomfort with closeness)
• Disorganisation (conflicted or chaotic feelings about relationships)
But, they ALSO found four common attachment profiles - and attachment anxiety was reclassified as having disorganised features in practice:
1. Secure (low on all three) – most common (about 54%)
2. Anxious with disorganised features (high anxiety, some disorganisation) – 28%
3. Avoidant (high avoidance, low on the others) – 10%
4. Generalised insecure (high on all three) – smallest group (8%)
Key findings:
• People in the “generalised insecure” and “anxious” groups had more trouble understanding others’ mental states, or a tendency towards “hypomentalisation” and depression and suicidality. People in the “secure group” had the best skills at mentalisation and lowered depression and suicidality… Even within insecure groups, the presence of disorganisation made things worse.
Read more here: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/393780064_Attachment_Anxiety_Avoidance_and_Disorganization_Latent_Profiles_of_Attachment_and_Their_Associations_With_Hypomentalization_Depressive_Symptoms_and_Suicidality