20/07/2025
HBsAg Test (Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Test)
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1. Objective:
The objective of the HBsAg test was to detect the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen in a patient’s blood, which indicated an active Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
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2. Principle:
The test was based on immunoassay techniques, such as ELISA or rapid chromatographic methods. It utilized antibodies that specifically bound to the HBsAg if present in the sample, producing a visible signal or color change.
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3. Materials:
• Patient's serum or plasma sample
• HBsAg rapid test cassette or ELISA kit
• Sample dropper or micropipette
• Buffer solution
• Gloves and lancet (for sample collection)
• Timer
• Biohazard disposal container
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4. Procedure (Rapid Test):
1. A blood sample was collected from the patient.
2. 2–3 drops of the serum or plasma were added to the sample well of the test cassette.
3. 1–2 drops of buffer were added.
4. The test was allowed to run for 15–20 minutes.
5. The result was read visually by observing the appearance of colored lines.
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5. Result:
• Positive: Two colored lines appeared — one in the control (C) region and one in the test (T) region, indicating the presence of HBsAg.
• Negative: Only one colored line appeared in the control (C) region, and no line appeared in the test (T) region.
• Invalid: No line appeared in the control region — the test was considered invalid and needed to be repeated.
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6. Uses:
• It was used to screen for Hepatitis B virus infection.
• It helped identify both acute and chronic HBV infections.
• It was part of routine health screenings, blood donor screening, and prenatal checkups.
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7. Consultation:
Patients with a positive result were advised to consult a healthcare provider or hepatologist. Further confirmatory tests such as HBeAg, anti-HBc, and HBV DNA were recommended. Counseling regarding transmission prevention, vaccination of close contacts, and possible antiviral treatment was also provided.