02/08/2025
Cervical Spondylosis
What causes cervical spondylosis?
The most common cause is changes in your spine that happen as you age. Changes may include medical conditions, including:
Degenerative disk disease.
Herniated disk.
Osteoarthritis.
Bone spurs (osteophytes).
Spinal stenosis.
What triggers cervical spondylosis?
Cervical spondylosis happens over time. Triggers or risk factors include:
Being 60 or older.
Smoking.
Doing work that requires you to spend hours every day looking up or down.
Straining your neck to lift heavy objects.
Having a family history of cervical spondylosis.
Having a history of neck injury.
What are the complications of this condition?
Cervical spondylosis increases your risk of developing:
Cervical myelopathy: This is when something compresses (squeezes) the spinal cord in your neck.
Cervical radiculopathy: This is a pinched nerve in your neck.
Can cervical spondylosis affect my brain?
No, it can’t. Cervical spondylosis just affects the disks in your spine, which can make your neck hurt or feel stiff.
Diagnosis and Tests
How is cervical spondylosis diagnosed?
A healthcare provider will do a physical examination, including looking for bumps or knots in your neck. They may check your:
Neck flexibility.
Muscle strength and reflexes in your hands, arms or legs.
Reflexes.
Gait (how you walk).
What tests help diagnose cervical spondylosis?
Your provider may do the following tests to get detailed images or pictures of your spine and check on your skeletal muscles and nerves. Tests may include:
X-ray.
Computed tomography (CT) scan.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan.
Myelogram.
Electromyography (EMG).
Nerve conduction study.
Management and Treatment
What is the best treatment for cervical spondylosis?
The best treatment is one that helps ease your symptoms. In general, healthcare providers start cervical spondylosis treatment with noninvasive, conservative treatments. For example, they may recommend:
Physical therapy.
Over-the-counter pain relievers.
Placing ice or applying heat to your neck for 15 minutes several times during the day.
Soft collar or brace.
If you have significant neck pain, your provider may recommend treatments like cervical epidural steroid injection or radiofrequency ablation.
If these treatments don’t help or your condition is a complication of cervical myelopathy or cervical radiculopathy, your provider may recommend spinal fusion surgery.
What are the treatment side effects?
Conservative treatments rarely cause side effects. Treatments like spinal fusion surgery, steroid injections or radiofrequency ablation have different side effects. Your healthcare provider will explain what you can expect, including any treatment side effects and complications.