Dario's Technical Services

01/06/2023

Meisterwerke aus 100 Jahren Erfahrung - die ganze 100-jährige Geschichte MARTINs mit ihren Höhen und Tiefen findet ihr auf unserer Webseite: www.martin.info 🧐

Masterpieces from 100 years of expierence - the complete historical story of MARTIN with it's highest peeks and downfalls is available on our website: www.martin.info/en 🧐

The story is available in English, German, Spanish, Italian, French and Polish!

27/04/2023

Dovetails

Dovetail joints are a popular and decorative method of joining two pieces of wood together in furniture making. They are also a good indicator of the skill level of the woodworker. There are several types of dovetail joints that can be used, including:

Through Dovetail Joint: This is the most common type of dovetail joint used in furniture making. It involves cutting a dovetail on both pieces of wood, so that they interlock with each other.

Half-Blind Dovetail Joint: This type of joint is commonly used in drawers, where the dovetails are only visible from one side. The tails are cut into the end grain of one board, and the pins are cut into the face of the other board.

Secret Mitred Dovetail Joint: This is a variation of the half-blind dovetail joint, where the end grain of the tails is mitred to create a seamless joint that is only visible from one side.

Sliding Dovetail Joint: This type of joint is commonly used in table legs, where the dovetail is cut into the end of one board, and a matching slot is cut into the other board. The joint is held together by sliding the dovetail into the slot.

Double Dovetail Joint: This joint is a variation of the through dovetail joint, where a second set of dovetails is cut into the sides of the first set. This creates a joint that is stronger and more decorative.

These are just a few examples of the decorative dovetail joints that can be used in furniture making. Each type of joint has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of joint will depend on the design and function of the piece of furniture being made, and the skill level of the woodworker.

Happy tails!

26/04/2023

Thin Kerf vs Regular Kerf

When it comes to sawing wood, choosing the right blade, tooth design aside, can make a significant difference in the quality of the cut, the speed of the cut, and the amount of waste produced. Two types of blades commonly used in wood saws are thin kerf and regular kerf blades. In this informal report, we will explore the differences and applications of these two types of blades.

Thin Kerf Blades:

Thin kerf blades are thinner than regular kerf blades, usually measuring around 0.09 inches in thickness. They are designed to remove less material while cutting, which means they require less power to operate and produce less sawdust. The thinner profile of the blade also reduces the amount of friction generated during the cut, which can result in less heat buildup and less wear and tear on the saw.

Applications:

Thin kerf blades are ideal for cutting thinner stock, such as plywood, veneers, and other materials that are less than 1 inch in thickness. They are also an excellent choice for portable saws, as they require less power and are easier to handle. Additionally, because they produce less waste, they are an environmentally friendly option.

Regular Kerf Blades:

Regular kerf blades are thicker than thin kerf blades, usually measuring around 0.125 inches in thickness. They are designed to remove more material during the cut, which means they require more power to operate and produce more sawdust. However, they also provide a more stable and rigid cutting surface, which can result in a cleaner and more accurate cut.

Applications:

Regular kerf blades are ideal for cutting thicker stock, such as hardwoods and lumber that are greater than 1 inch in thickness. They are also an excellent choice for stationary saws, such as table saws, where the increased power requirements are not an issue. Additionally, because they produce more waste, they are a better choice for applications where waste is not a concern, such as when cutting construction materials.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the choice between a thin kerf blade and a regular kerf blade depends on the thickness of the stock being cut, the type of saw being used, and the desired amount of waste produced. Thin kerf blades are ideal for cutting thinner materials and portable saws, while regular kerf blades are better suited for cutting thicker materials and stationary saws. Ultimately, choosing the right blade can make a significant difference in the quality and efficiency of the cut, so it's essential to consider all factors before making a decision.

If you need assistance in tooling, please don't hesitate to reach out!

25/04/2023

Let's talk about Shapers!

A shaper is a woodworking tool that is commonly used in furniture making to create decorative edges, profiles, and shapes in wood. The machine operates by spinning a cutterhead at high speeds, which shapes the wood as it passes through the machine. There are many different types of shapers available, from small benchtop models to large industrial machines capable of handling massive workpieces.

One of the key benefits of using a shaper in furniture making is the precision and repeatability that it offers. Unlike hand tools, which can be difficult to use consistently, a shaper allows woodworkers to create identical profiles and shapes with ease. This is particularly important for larger production runs, where consistency and efficiency are key.

Another benefit of using a shaper is the range of shapes and profiles that it can create. By changing the cutterhead or the shape of the guide fence, woodworkers can create a wide variety of shapes and patterns in their workpieces. This versatility makes a shaper a valuable addition to any furniture maker's workshop.

In addition to its precision and versatility, a shaper can also help woodworkers save time and effort. Because the machine is motorized, it can remove material much more quickly than hand tools. This can be particularly beneficial when working with harder or denser woods that are difficult to shape by hand.

Despite these benefits, there are also some drawbacks to using a shaper in furniture making. One of the biggest is the cost of the machine, which can be prohibitively expensive for some woodworkers. Additionally, the machine can be dangerous if not used properly, so proper training and safety precautions are essential.

Overall, a shaper is a valuable tool for any furniture maker who is looking to increase precision, efficiency, and versatility in their work. While there are some drawbacks to using the machine, the benefits far outweigh the costs for many woodworkers.

24/04/2023

A Hand Plane Knife's Geometry

Hand plane knife geometry plays a crucial role in woodworking, especially in shaping and smoothing wooden surfaces. The geometry of the blade affects the performance of the plane, including the quality of the finish and the ease of use.

The blade's angle, called the "pitch," determines how aggressively the plane will cut. A high pitch angle, such as 50 degrees, is ideal for hard or figured woods, while a lower pitch angle, such as 37 degrees, is better for softwoods. The blade's bevel angle, which is the angle of the blade's edge, affects how sharp the blade is and how easily it can be honed. A narrow bevel angle of 20-25 degrees creates a sharper edge, while a wider bevel angle of 30-35 degrees provides more durability.

The shape of the blade's cutting edge also plays an important role in its performance. A flat or slightly curved cutting edge is best for smoothing, while a curved cutting edge, also known as a "crowned" edge, is better for shaping or roughing out material. A straight edge is ideal for jointing edges and flattening surfaces.

Additionally, the thickness of the blade can impact its performance. Thicker blades provide more stability and support, making them ideal for removing material quickly, while thinner blades are better for delicate work, providing greater control and precision.

In conclusion, hand plane knife geometry is an essential consideration in woodworking, affecting the quality of the finished product and the ease of use of the tool. By understanding the various aspects of blade geometry, woodworkers can select the right tool for the job and achieve their desired results.

20/04/2023

Most often, dust/chip collection systems are over looked, undermaintained and misunderstood componets in woodworking shops/facilities. Yet, are crucial in woodworking shops as they help maintain a clean and safe working environment. When designing a chip/dust collection system, chip velocity is an important factor to consider. The chip velocity refers to the speed at which wood chips and dust travel through the ducts of the collection system. In this report, we will discuss the importance of chip velocity in the design of a woodworking shop's chip/dust collection system and provide specific examples using an industrial planer and a sliding table saw.

Importance of Chip Velocity

Chip velocity plays a critical role in the efficient operation of a chip/dust collection system. If the velocity is too low, the chips and dust will settle in the ducts, leading to clogs and reduced suction. On the other hand, if the velocity is too high, it can cause excess wear and tear on the ducts and fan motor.

The optimal chip velocity for a woodworking shop's collection system depends on the size of the ducts and the type of machinery being used. Generally, the recommended chip velocity ranges between 3,500 to 4,500(17.7-22.8m/sec) feet per minute (fpm) for 4-inch ducts, 4,500 to 5,500(22.8-27.9 m/sec) fpm for 6-inch ducts, and 5,500 to 6,500 fpm for 8-inch ducts.
To give perspective,
3500fps = 17.7 m/sec = 63.7 km/h
6500fps = 33 m/sec = 118.8 km/h

Examples

Industrial Planer
An industrial planer is a woodworking machine that is used to plane large pieces of wood to a uniform thickness. During the planing process, the machine produces a large volume of chips and dust that need to be collected. The size of the ducts and the chip velocity are critical factors in the design of the collection system.
For example, suppose an industrial planer has a 6-inch duct. In that case, the optimal chip velocity would be between 4,500 to 5,500 fpm. If the velocity is too low, the chips and dust will accumulate in the ducts, leading to clogs and reduced suction. If the velocity is too high, it can cause excess wear and tear on the ducts and fan motor.

Sliding Table Saw
A sliding table saw is a woodworking machine that is used to make precision cuts on large pieces of wood. During the cutting process, the machine produces a large volume of dust that needs to be collected. The size of the ducts and the chip velocity are critical factors in the design of the collection system.
For example, suppose a sliding table saw has a 4-inch duct. In that case, the optimal chip velocity would be between 3,500 to 4,500 fpm. If the velocity is too low, the dust will settle in the ducts, leading to clogs and reduced suction. If the velocity is too high, it can cause excess wear and tear on the ducts and fan motor.

In conclusion, chip velocity is an important factor to consider when designing a woodworking shop's chip/dust collection system. The optimal chip velocity depends on the size of the ducts and the type of machinery being used. If the velocity is too low or too high, it can cause problems with the collection system's efficiency and increase the wear and tear on the ducts and fan motor. It is essential to calculate the optimal chip velocity to ensure the proper functioning of the collection system and maintain a clean and safe working environment in the woodworking shop.

Let me know if I can help you size your collector or point you in the right direction for piping.👍👍

19/04/2023

Let's have a serious chat about
Static Electricity
and woodworking shops..

Static electricity can be generated when dust and chips are collected or transported through dust collection systems used in woodworking shops and factories. This static electricity can pose personal and environmental hazards, which need to be properly managed to ensure safety in the workplace.

Personal Hazards:
When the static charge builds up, it can discharge through an individual, which can cause discomfort or even a shock. This is especially dangerous if the individual is working in an area with flammable or explosive materials. Static electricity can ignite flammable dust or vapors, causing fires and explosions. In extreme cases, such events can lead to serious injuries or even death.

Environmental Hazards:
Static electricity can also create a discharge that can ignite dust and cause fires. If the dust and chips collected are not regularly removed from the dust collection system, they can accumulate and create a potential fire hazard. In addition, the electrical discharge can generate sparks that can ignite flammable liquids, such as solvents or cleaning agents, leading to fires or explosions.

Mitigating Hazards:
There are several ways to mitigate the hazards caused by static electricity in woodworking shops and factories. Here are some of the most effective methods:

1. Grounding: Grounding the dust collection system is an essential step in preventing the buildup of static electricity. Grounding can be done by connecting metal ducts, pipes, and hoses to a grounding source. The grounding source should be a dedicated ground rod or an existing electrical system.

2. Humidity Control: Keeping the humidity level between 40-60% can help prevent static electricity buildup in the workplace. This can be achieved through the use of humidifiers, ventilation systems, or dehumidifiers. Drawing a balance between wood movement and humidity levels is crucial.

3. Proper Ventilation: Proper ventilation can help reduce the concentration of flammable dust and prevent it from building up. It also helps to remove the heat generated from the machinery that can also be a cause of static electricity buildup.

4. Regular Maintenance: Regular maintenance of dust collection systems and machinery can help prevent the buildup of flammable dust and chips, which can cause hazards. It is also essential to clean and inspect the dust collection system regularly to ensure that it is functioning correctly. Remember, chip velocity is the goal.

5. Personal Protective Equipment: Workers in woodworking shops and factories should wear proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves, aprons, and goggles, to reduce the risk of injury caused by static electricity discharge. Ensure that these do not create another hazard.

In conclusion, static electricity caused by dust and chip collection in woodworking shops and factories is a potential hazard that needs to be managed effectively. Grounding, humidity control, proper ventilation, regular maintenance, and personal protective equipment are some of the measures that can be implemented to reduce the risk of personal and environmental hazards.

18/04/2023

It's really interesting to tour these factories

18/04/2023

Some thoughts on proper lubricants.

Proper lubrication is crucial to the smooth operation and longevity of machines and equipment. Lubricants reduce friction between moving parts and prevent wear and tear, heat build-up, and corrosion. By using the right type and amount of lubricant, you can minimize downtime and maintenance costs, optimize performance and energy efficiency, and extend the service life of your machinery.

Choosing the right lubricant is not always straightforward, as there are many types of oils, greases, and specialty fluids available. Factors to consider when selecting a lubricant include the type of machine or equipment, its operating conditions, and the lubrication requirements specified by the manufacturer. Using the wrong lubricant can result in poor performance, excessive wear, leakage, and contamination. It can also void warranties and compromise safety, especially in critical applications such as aviation, automotive, and medical devices.

In addition to selecting the right lubricant, it's essential to maintain proper lubrication levels and intervals. Over-lubrication can cause overheating, leaks, and waste, while under-lubrication can lead to premature failure and costly repairs. Regular inspection and testing of lubricants can help detect and address potential issues before they escalate. Overall, using proper lubrication practices can help maximize uptime, minimize costs, and ensure the reliability and safety of your equipment.

14/04/2023

Let's chat about kiln drying..

Kiln drying is a process of removing moisture from wood by exposing it to high temperatures in a controlled environment. This technique offers several benefits over air-drying, which involves leaving the wood out in the open to dry naturally. Kiln-dried wood is stronger and more durable than air-dried wood because it has been dried to a specific moisture content, which prevents warping, cracking, and splitting. This makes it ideal for use in construction, furniture-making, and other applications where strength and stability are important factors.

One of the key advantages of kiln drying is that it speeds up the drying process. While air-drying can take several months, kiln drying can be completed in just a few days. This means that lumber can be produced more quickly and efficiently, reducing the time and cost involved in the manufacturing process. Additionally, kiln-dried wood is more consistent in moisture content than air-dried wood, which can vary depending on the weather and other factors. This consistency makes it easier to work with and reduces the risk of defects.

Another benefit of kiln drying is that it helps to eliminate insects and other pests that may be present in the wood. The high temperatures used in the kiln kill any bugs or larvae that may be hiding inside, reducing the risk of infestations in the finished product. Kiln drying also helps to remove any harmful chemicals or bacteria that may be present in the wood, making it safer for use in a wide range of applications. Overall, kiln drying is a valuable technique that offers numerous benefits for woodworkers, manufacturers, and consumers alike.

If you have any questions on the above, I would like opportunity to discuss them with you.
Contact me directly..
Have a great weekend!
Dario

29/03/2023

How does moisture affect tooling?

The moisture content of wood can have a significant impact on the tooling used to work with it. Wood is a hygroscopic material, which means that it can absorb and release moisture depending on its environment. When wood absorbs moisture, it swells, and when it loses moisture, it shrinks.

The moisture content of wood can affect the performance of cutting tools such as saw blades, drill bits, and router bits. When wood is too wet, it can cause the cutting edge to dull more quickly because the wet wood is softer and can cause more wear on the tool. It can also cause the wood to stick to the blade, which can lead to burning, chipping, or other damage to the wood surface.

On the other hand, when the wood is too dry, it can cause the cutting edge to become brittle and prone to chipping or cracking. The dry wood can also cause the cutting edge to heat up more quickly, which can lead to dulling or even warping of the tool.

Therefore, it is important to consider the moisture content of the wood when selecting and using cutting tools. Woodworkers and carpenters should ensure that the wood is properly dried and acclimated to the workshop environment before using cutting tools on it. They should also monitor the moisture content of the wood and adjust the tooling accordingly to ensure the best performance and avoid damage to the tools or the wood.

17/03/2023

Let's talk about the angles used in saw blades.

Tooth angle is a crucial factor that determines the cutting performance and efficiency of saw blades. The tooth angle refers to the angle of the tooth face relative to the centerline of the blade. Different tooth angles are suitable for various materials and applications. The three primary tooth angles are positive, negative, and zero degrees.

Positive tooth angle saw blades have teeth that point forward, away from the saw body. This angle is commonly used for cutting softwoods, plywood, and other materials that have a high tendency to splinter. The positive angle helps to reduce tear-out and ensures clean cuts. However, these blades may produce rough cuts on dense hardwoods and metals.

Negative tooth angle saw blades have teeth that point backward, toward the saw body. This angle is commonly used for cutting dense hardwoods, metals, and other tough materials. The negative angle helps to reduce the heat generated during the cutting process, thus prolonging the blade's lifespan. However, these blades may produce rough cuts on soft materials.

Zero-degree tooth angle saw blades have teeth that are perpendicular to the centerline of the blade. This angle is commonly used for cutting materials that require a smooth finish, such as plastics and laminates. These blades produce clean cuts without splintering or tearing the material. However, they may not be suitable for cutting thick or dense materials.

In summary, choosing the right tooth angle for the material and application can significantly impact the cutting performance and efficiency of the saw blade. It is essential to consider the material's density, hardness, and finish requirements when selecting a tooth angle for the saw blade.

I like to use, and am familiar with, Industrial blades and cutters. I've toured the factory and spent a fair bit of time training on knife/tool geometry.
Let me know if I can be of assistance to select tooling or if you need sharpening services.

16/03/2023

Styles has 10 tips for machinery maintenance..

Performing routine maintenance on the manufacturing equipment that companies rely on to produce goods and meet their customers’ tight deadlines may not sound exciting – but it may well make the difference between meeting and missing a delivery date. Regularly scheduled preventive maintenance can...

16/03/2023

Canadian Hardwoods

Canada is home to a diverse range of hardwood species that are popular choices for furniture making due to their durability, beauty, and availability. In this post, we will take a closer look at some of the most commonly used Canadian hardwoods for furniture, their availability, machinability, and cost.

Maple
Maple is one of the most popular hardwoods used in furniture making due to its strength, durability, and light color. Maple is readily available throughout Canada, making it an affordable option. It is also very easy to machine and finish, making it a popular choice for furniture makers.

Oak
Oak is another popular hardwood that is known for its strength and durability. It is available in a range of colors, from light to dark, and is often used for traditional-style furniture. Oak is also readily available and relatively affordable. However, it can be difficult to machine due to its hardness.

Cherry
Cherry is a beautiful and popular hardwood that is known for its reddish-brown color and smooth grain. It is less commonly used than maple or oak but is still readily available in Canada. Cherry is easy to work with and can be finished to a high gloss, making it a popular choice for fine furniture.

Walnut
Walnut is a high-end hardwood that is known for its rich, dark color and unique grain patterns. It is less readily available than maple, oak, or cherry, but is still commonly used in high-end furniture. Walnut can be difficult to work with due to its hardness, but it finishes beautifully and is often used for fine furniture pieces.

Birch
Birch is a light-colored hardwood that is commonly used in furniture making due to its availability and affordability. It is easy to work with and has a tight, even grain that makes it ideal for staining and finishing. Birch is often used for less expensive furniture pieces, but can also be used for higher-end pieces when paired with other woods.

In terms of availability, maple, oak, and cherry are the most readily available Canadian hardwoods for furniture making. Walnut is less commonly available, but can still be sourced from specialty lumber suppliers. Birch is the most affordable option and is widely available throughout Canada.

In terms of machinability, maple and cherry are the easiest to work with due to their softness, while oak and walnut are harder and can be more difficult to machine. Birch is also easy to work with and is often used as a substitute for maple.

When it comes to cost, maple and oak are the most affordable options, while cherry and walnut are more expensive due to their beauty and uniqueness. Birch is the most affordable option and is often used for less expensive furniture pieces.

In conclusion, Canadian hardwoods offer a range of options for furniture makers. Maple, oak, cherry, walnut, and birch are all readily available and offer unique characteristics that can be used to create beautiful and durable furniture pieces. The choice of hardwood will depend on the desired look, availability, machinability, and cost.

The more you know.. 😀👍

16/03/2023

There are several types of blade tooth designs for woodworking saws. The most common types are rip teeth, crosscut teeth, and combination teeth. Each type of tooth geometry is designed to optimize the saw's performance for a specific task.

Rip teeth have a flat tooth shape with a large gullet between the teeth. This design is used for cutting along the grain of wood, making it ideal for rough cuts. The large gullets allow for easy removal of sawdust, and the flat tooth shape helps prevent the saw from wandering off course during the cut. Rip teeth are typically found on saws used for carpentry work or general-purpose cutting.

Crosscut teeth have a pointed tooth shape with smaller gullets between the teeth. This design is used for cutting across the grain of wood and produces a smoother finish than rip teeth. The pointed tooth shape allows for easier entry into the wood, while the smaller gullets prevent sawdust from clogging the blade. Crosscut teeth are commonly found on saws used for fine woodworking, cabinetry, and furniture making.

Combination teeth are a hybrid of rip and crosscut teeth, with a tooth shape that is flat on top and pointed on the bottom. This design allows for both ripping and crosscutting, making it a versatile choice for general-purpose cutting. Combination teeth are commonly found on saws used in carpentry and woodworking shops where a single saw must be used for a variety of tasks.

In conclusion, the choice of blade tooth design depends on the specific task at hand. Rip teeth are ideal for rough cuts, crosscut teeth produce a smoother finish, and combination teeth offer a versatile option for general-purpose cutting. When selecting a saw, it's important to consider the type of work you will be doing to ensure you choose the right tooth geometry for the job.

From swing chisels to custom profile cutters to scoring and main saw blades!
If you need assistance choosing or would like to order blades/cutters/chisels, I can help!😀👍

15/03/2023

Furniture makers, can attest to the fact that mahogany is one of the most valuable and sought-after woods in the industry. This tree species is known for its durability, strength, and rich, reddish-brown color that can only be found in its unique grain pattern. Mahogany is also resistant to rot and insect infestations, making it ideal for use in outdoor furniture or in humid environments.

But the real reason why mahogany is so prized by furniture makers is its ability to be carved, shaped, and finished to perfection. Its consistent texture and density make it easy to work with, while its smooth surface takes finishes and stains beautifully. This means that mahogany furniture can be crafted into intricate and ornate designs that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing. From simple cabinets to elaborate four-poster beds, mahogany has been a favorite among furniture makers for centuries.

Furthermore, mahogany’s rich history and cultural significance make it even more valuable to furniture makers. This wood was first introduced to Europe in the 16th century by Spanish explorers who were impressed with its beauty and strength. It quickly became a popular choice for furniture makers and was used to create some of the most iconic pieces of the Georgian, Regency, and Victorian eras. Today, mahogany is still used in high-end furniture production and is considered a luxury wood that adds both value and prestige to any piece.

15/03/2023

Hey everyone!
If you're a woodworker, you know how important it is to keep your machinery running smoothly. That's why regular maintenance and calibration are crucial for keeping your tools in top shape.

Here are just a few reasons why you should make maintenance and calibration a priority:

Safety - Ensuring that your machinery is properly calibrated can help prevent accidents and injuries. If your tools aren't working correctly, they can pose a serious risk to you and others in your workspace.

Performance - Regular maintenance can help improve the performance of your machinery. By keeping your tools well-oiled and properly calibrated, you can achieve more precise cuts and better results overall.

Cost savings - Neglecting your machinery can lead to expensive repairs and replacements down the line. By taking care of your tools, you can extend their lifespan and save money in the long run.

So if you haven't given your woodworking machinery a tune-up recently, now's the time to do it!
Trust me, you'll notice the difference.
Have a great day everyone!👍