Dr. Ayaz Afridi Cancer Specialist

17/11/2025

11/11/2025

🧬 𝗛𝗼𝗱𝗴𝗸𝗶𝗻 𝗟𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗵𝗼𝗺𝗮 — 𝗛𝗶𝗴𝗵-𝗬𝗶𝗲𝗹𝗱 𝗦𝘂𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘆

📘 𝗢𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄
🧫 Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) = B-cell malignancy with classic Reed–Sternberg cells (bilobed “owl-eye” nuclei)
🧩 Starts in one lymph node group → spreads contiguously (orderly)
👩⚕️ Bimodal age → young adults & >55 yrs

🧠 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗽𝗵𝘆𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘆
🧬 Reed–Sternberg cells release cytokines → attract eosinophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes
🌡️ Cause B symptoms → fever, night sweats, weight loss

🔬 𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘁𝘆𝗽𝗲𝘀
🌸 Nodular Sclerosis → most common, young females, collagen bands + lacunar cells
🦠 Mixed Cellularity → linked with EBV
🌈 Lymphocyte-Rich → best prognosis
⚠️ Lymphocyte-Depleted → worst prognosis, HIV-associated

🔍 𝗗𝗶𝗮𝗴𝗻𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘀
🧫 Reed–Sternberg cells → CD15⁺, CD30⁺
📈 ↑ ESR & LDH
🔬 Lymph node biopsy → confirms diagnosis

⚕️ 𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗙𝗲𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲𝘀
🦴 Painless lymphadenopathy (cervical or mediastinal)
🌡️ B symptoms → fever, drenching sweats, weight loss
😣 Pruritus, fatigue
🍷 Alcohol-induced pain at nodes
🫁 Mediastinal mass (esp. nodular sclerosis)

💊 𝗧𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁
💉 ABVD regimen → Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine
☢️ Radiation therapy for localized stages
💯 Excellent cure rate — especially early detection

🧩 𝗞𝗲𝘆 𝗙𝗮𝗰𝘁𝘀
🦉 Reed–Sternberg = diagnostic hallmark
🧬 CD15⁺ / CD30⁺ markers
🧭 Orderly spread (unlike Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma)
🦠 EBV linked (esp. mixed cellularity)

Copied.(Source in image)

08/11/2025

There is a can in cancer.

31/10/2025

At just 17 years old, Angela Zhang, a high school student from California, stunned the scientific community by developing a revolutionary nanoparticle system designed to precisely target and destroy cancer cells without damaging healthy tissue. Her research combined chemistry, biology, and nanotechnology, creating a “smart” nanoparticle capable of delivering cancer drugs directly to tumors while simultaneously allowing real-time imaging of treatment progress.

Zhang’s innovation earned her the $100,000 Siemens Competition in Math, Science & Technology grand prize and widespread recognition — even from President Barack Obama. Scientists described her work as “the kind of research you’d expect from a PhD student, not a teenager.”

Her project laid early groundwork for future advances in nanomedicine, an emerging field that uses microscopic materials to treat diseases at the cellular level. Angela’s story continues to inspire young scientists worldwide, proving that passion, curiosity, and perseverance can lead to discoveries that change the future of medicine.

31/10/2025

Brian lesions differential on MRI Brain.Well summarized by Dr.Mohammud.

31/10/2025

Targeting Cancer, Preserving Life

Modern radiation therapy offers effective treatment and improved quality of life for patients.
At KIMS Hospital, the Radiation Oncology team combines innovation and empathy to ensure every patient receives the best possible outcome.

📞 Book your consultation: 0674-2725228 / 7105354.