Scientists Academy

28/10/2025

Chloride shift mechanism.

27/10/2025

Who I am? 🤔

27/10/2025

Describe your love life using a microbiology culture result.
❤️‍🔥 أوصف حياتك العاطفية بنتيجة مزرعة ميكروبيولوجي

27/10/2025

أكاديمية العلماء – Scientists Academy
تهنئة رسمية

يسرّ أكاديمية العلماء أن تتقدّم بأسمى آيات التهاني والتبريكات للدكتورة إيناس عبدالله زهران بمناسبة حصولها على البورد الأمريكي في المختبرات الطبية (MLS) بتاريخ 27/10/2025.

إن هذا الإنجاز المتميّز يعكس تفانيها وجهودها المستمرة في طلب العلم والارتقاء بالمجال . ونحن في أكاديمية العلماء نفخر بكونها إحدى خريجاتنا المتميزات ونتمنى لها دوام التوفيق والنجاح في مسيرتها المهنية والعلمية.

نحو مستقبل مشرق، وصناعة أثر إيجابي في عالم المختبرات الطبية.

فريق أكاديمية العلماء

27/10/2025

URINE STREAK ON CHROM AGAR ORIENTATION MEDIUM: This medium enables differenti ation of bacterial species or genera by color production. The rose- colored colonies are Escherichia coli; the brown colonies are Proteus mirabilis. Both organisms are common urinary pathogens.

27/10/2025

Identify the cell(s) below ⬇️

27/10/2025

G6PD deficiency testing

Bottom line
G6PD enzyme assays detect decreased red-cell G6PD activity. Timing and method matter: testing during acute hemolysis or after transfusion can produce false-normal results. Know when to run the assay, which method to use, and when to request molecular testing.

When to order
• Suspected acute hemolysis after oxidant exposure (drugs, fava beans, infections).
• Neonatal jaundice with hemolysis features.
• Family history of G6PD deficiency or recurrent episodic hemolysis.

Timing & specimen rules
• Avoid testing during acute hemolysis if possible. Reticulocytosis and young RBCs have higher G6PD activity and can mask deficiency. Wait until the reticulocyte count normalizes (often ≥2–3 months) when feasible.
• If an urgent result is needed during hemolysis, perform testing but flag the result as potentially false-normal and recommend repeat testing after recovery or perform molecular testing.
• Recent transfusion dilutes patient RBCs and can give false-normal results; avoid testing until transfused RBCs are cleared, or use genetic testing.
• Collect EDTA whole blood, run the assay promptly (same day) or follow manufacturer instructions for sample stability. Document collection time and any recent transfusion/hemolysis on the requisition.

Available tests & their uses
• Qualitative fluorescent spot test — fast screening; sensitive for markedly reduced activity but may miss intermediate activity, particularly in heterozygous females.
• Quantitative spectrophotometric assay — reference method; reports enzyme activity (U/g Hb or U/10^12 RBC). Use s*x- and population-specific reference ranges.
• Cytochemical/flow cytometry assays — demonstrate mosaicism and percentage of deficient cells; useful for identifying heterozygous females.
• Molecular/genetic testing — definitive for genotype; recommended when enzyme tests are ambiguous, after transfusion, or for female carriers.

Interpretation caveats
• Low enzyme activity in a male or clearly low value → consistent with G6PD deficiency (correlate clinically).
• Normal enzyme during/shortly after hemolysis or post-transfusion → does not exclude deficiency; repeat testing after recovery or perform genetic testing.
• Females with normal/borderline enzyme → consider heterozygosity; use cytochemical testing or molecular testing for confirmation.
• Always report method, units, reference range, and any preanalytic issues (recent hemolysis, transfusion, newborn status).

Tips
• If hemolysis is obvious and urgent: treat clinically now; send G6PD assay but plan repeat testing after recovery or order molecular testing.
• Do not rely on a single normal enzyme test in a recently transfused or actively hemolyzing patient.
• For females with suspicious history or borderline enzyme results: pursue cytochemical or molecular testing.

🩺🔬

27/10/2025

Equipment for direct reinfusion of perioperatively salvaged blood without washing. A 600-mL plastic bag is seated within the rigid plastic outer shell. A suction aspirator wand and filter are connected to the bottom port; vacuum suction is connected to the top left port. The top right port is connected to a blood filter for transfusion to the autologous recipient.

27/10/2025

27/10/2025

🎯 "خطوتك للبورد الأمريكي تبدأ النهارده

⏰ التسجيل في راوند 24 – Microbiology لسه مفتوح، ولسه قدامك 2 أيام 🎓

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27/10/2025

Cortex function and pathology by layer.

27/10/2025

Question from BOC in Chemistry