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03/02/2025

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12/03/2024

WHITE BLOOD CELL

1. What is the primary function of white blood cells in the body?
A) Oxygen transport
B) Fighting infections
C) Clot formation
D) Nutrient transport

2. Which type of white blood cell is known for its role in antibody production?
A) Neutrophil
B) Basophil
C) Eosinophil
D) Lymphocyte

3. Which white blood cells are primarily responsible for engulfing and digesting pathogens?
A) Monocytes
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Platelets

4. Which white blood cells release histamine and other inflammatory mediators in allergic reactions?
A) Neutrophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Basophils
D) Monocytes

5. Which white blood cells are important for controlling parasitic infections and allergic responses?
A) Eosinophils
B) Neutrophils
C) Monocytes
D) Basophils

6. Which white blood cells play a critical role in immune memory and long-term immunity?
A) Basophils
B) Neutrophils
C) Monocytes
D) Lymphocytes

7. Which white blood cells are involved in antigen presentation to T cells for immune response activation?
A) Basophils
B) Neutrophils
C) Monocytes
D) Lymphocytes

8. Which white blood cell type secretes enzymes to break down pathogens and create an inflammatory response?
A) Eosinophils
B) Monocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Basophils

Comment the answer.

19/10/2023

What dx this case

17/10/2023

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23/05/2023

👉የጫት ሱሰኛ መሆን በጤና ላይ ያለው ተጽእኖ!

1. እንደ ከባድ ስነ አእምሮ (psychosis) ፣ ድብርት፣ ሱስ እና ሌሎች ላሉ የአእምሮ ጤና ችግሮች ሊያመራ ይችላል።

2. ለአካላዊ የጤና እክሎች ማለትም የደም ግፊት፣ arrhythmia፣ ካንሰር፣ የጉበት በሽታ፣ የሆድ ድርቀት፣ ክንታሮት እና ሌሎችም ሊያጋልጥ ይችላል።

3. ለግንዛቤ መዛባት ሊያጋልጥ ይችላል።

4. የእንቅልፍ ችግሮች ሊያመጣ ይችላል።

5. ለግብረስጋ ግኑኝነት ችግር ያጋልጣል፡- በተለይ ወንዶች ላይ የብልት አለመቆም ችግር፣ የወንድ የዘር ፍሬ ብዛት እና እንቅስቃሴ መቀነስ፣ የወንድ ዘር በራሱ መፍሰስ (spermatorrhea)፣ መሰነፍ (impotence )፤ በግብረስጋ ግኑኝነት ግዜ የወንድ ዘር ቶሎ ብሎ መፍሰስ እና ሌሎችም ሊያመጣ ይችላል።
ከላይ ያሉት አብዛኛዎቹ የሚከሰቱት የረጅም ግዜ ተጠቃሚዎች ላይ ነው።
ስለዚህ፣ ጫት ለመቃም ስትወስኑ እኔ እዚህ ያልጠቀስኳቸውን ችግሮች ጨምሮ ሁሉንም ችግሮች አስታውስ።

ጤናማ ህይወት መኖር ትፈልጋለህ ወይስ ጫትን ትመርጣለህ? እባኮትን እየተጠቀሙ ከሆነ ለማቆም ይሞክሩ።

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22/02/2023

08/09/2022

07/08/2022

Fever

Management and refer urgently : Convulsion 15 Drowsiness , confusion or agitation
Neck stiffness / meningism
Give urgent attention to the patient with fever ( temperature 2 38 ° C now or in the past 3 days ) and one or more of : . Respiratory rate > 30 or Unable to sit up or walk unaided difficulty breathing Purple rash
Severe abdominal or flank pain Jaundice
- BP < 90/60
Easy bleeding or bruising
If BP < 90/60 , give normal saline 250mL IV rapidly , repeat until systolic BP > 90. Continue 1L 6 hourly . Stop if breathing worsens .
- Give ceftriaxone ' 2g IV / IM or crystalline penicillin ' 4M IU IV with chloramphenicol 500mg IV . Give single dose paracetamol 1g .
Check for malaria ' : if positive , give artesunate 2.4mg / kg IM or artemether 3.2mg / kg IM ; and if glucose < 70mg / dl give glucose 40 % 50mL IV . Repeat if glucose still < 70mg / dl after 15 minutes . If patient started nevirapine or abacavir in last 4 weeks , check for urgent side effects 280 .
Approach to the patient with fever ( temperature 2 38 ° C now or in the past 3 days ) not needing urgent attention Check for associated symptoms : cough 29 , sore throat 27 : blocked / runny rose 26 : ower abdominal pair D32 : vaginal discharge RR urinary symptoms 344 ; diarrhoea 34 car pain / discharge 25 skin rash 53 ; joint pain / swelling 46 . Give paracetamol 1g PO TID as needed for up to 5 days

seen
- Give artemether / lumefantrine 20 / 120mg : 4 tabs PO BID for three days and single doseprimaquine PO 0.25mg / kg .
If pregnant in 1st .
Positive for malaria

Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax seer

Plasmodium folciparum

trimester , give quinine
sulphate 10mg / kg PC TID with food for 7 days .
Plasmodium vivax
seen
Give chloroquine PO4 tabs tan clays
1 and 2 , 2 tabs on day 3 and primaquine 0.25mg / kg PO
daily for 14 days . If pregnant or lactating , omit primaquine .
Do a peripheral blood fim examination or a malaria rapid diagnostic test

Positive f

30/07/2022

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