27/12/2017
Acupuncture for Depression Q&A
Q: What is depression?
A: Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or poor appetite, low energy, and poor concentration, etc. These problems can become chronic or recurrent and lead to substantial impairments in an individual’s ability to take care of his or her everyday responsibilities, in the worst depression can lead to su***de.
Q: What’s the major causes of depression?
A: There's no single cause of depression. It can occur for a variety of reasons and it has many different triggers.
For some people, an upsetting or stressful life event, such as bereavement, divorce, illness, redundancy and job or money worries, can be the cause.
Some of the potential triggers of depression are: Stressful events, Personality, Family history, Giving birth, Loneliness, Alcohol and drugs, Illness, etc.
Different causes can often combine to trigger depression. For example, you may feel low after being ill and then experience a traumatic event, such as a bereavement,
which brings on depression.
People often talk about a "downward spiral" of events that leads to depression. For example, if your relationship with your partner breaks down, you're likely to feel low, you may stop seeing friends and family and you may start drinking more. All of this can make you feel worse and
trigger depression.
Some studies have also suggested that you're more likely to get depression as you get older, and that it's more common in people who live in difficult social and economic circumstances.
(http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/D epression/Pages/Causes.aspx)
Q: What’s the mechanism of depression?
A: There are many brain areas involved in depression patients, and various theories about the mechanism of depression. The most commonly recognised mechanism is monoamines. Many antidepressant drugs increase synaptic levels of the monoamine neurotransmitter, serotonin, but they may also enhance the levels of two other neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and dopamine.
Q: What’s the major western medicine treatmentsfor depression?
A: Antidepressant medications and psychotherapy
Q: What’s the major antidepressant?
A: The antidepressant is one of the major treatments for depression, represented by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), it can increase the serotonin level in the brain. SSRIs are mostly effective antidepressants, but still not satisfactory as many unresponsive patients, undesirable side effects and delayed onsets.
Q: What’s mechanism of SSRIs for depression?
A: It's thought that SSRIs work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter (a messenger chemical that carries signals between nerve cells in the brain). It's thought to have a good influence on mood, emotion and sleep.
After carrying a message, serotonin is usually reabsorbed by the nerve cells (known as "reuptake"). SSRIs work by blocking ("inhibiting")
reuptake, meaning more serotonin is available to
pass further messages between nearby nerve cells.
A rise in serotonin levels can improve symptoms and make people more responsive to other types of treatment, such as CBT.
Q: What is CBT?
A: CBT, Cognitive behavioural therapy, is a talking therapy that can help patients manage their problems by changing the way their think and behave.
It's most commonly used to treat anxiety and depression, but can be useful for other mental and physical health problems.
CBT is based on the concept that your thoughts, feelings, physical sensations and actions are interconnected, and that negative thoughts and feelings can trap you in a vicious cycle.
CBT aims to help you deal
with overwhelming problems in a more positive way by breaking them down into smaller parts. You're shown how to change these negative patterns to improve the way you feel.
Unlike some other talking treatments, CBT deals with your current problems, rather than focusing on issues from your past. It looks for practical ways to improve your state of mind on a daily basis.
CBT can be as effective as medication in treating some mental health problems, but it may not be successful or suitable for everyone
Q: What are the commonly used SSRIs antidepressants?
A: the commonly used SSRIs (Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and their normal dosages are as below:
· Fluoxetine (Prozac): 20mg- 60mg per day.
· Citalopram (Celexa): 20mg- 60mg per day
· Escitalopram (Lexapro, Cipralex): 10mg-20mg per day
· Paroxetine (Paxil, Seroxat): 20mg-50mg per day
· Fluvoxamine (Luvox): 50mg- 300mg per day
· Sertraline (Zoloft, Lustral): 50mg-200mg per day
Q: What’s the commonly seen side-effects of antidepressants? A: The side effects of antidepressants can cause problems at first, but then generally improve with time. There are some patients may suffer these side effects alongside through the all process.
· feeling agitated,
· shaky or anxious,
· feeling and being sick
· indigestion and stomach aches
· diarrhoea or constipation
· loss of appetite
· dizziness
· not sleeping well (insomnia), or feeling very sleepy
· headaches
· low s*x drive
· difficulties achieving or**sm
during s*x or ma********on
· in men, difficulties obtaining
or maintaining an er****on (erectile dysfunction)