14/10/2021
Sickle Cell Disease is an inherited blood disorder and is particularly common in individuals with an African or Caribbean heritage. It is marked by reduced haemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells which carries oxygen to the tissues of the body. Sickle Cell disease interferes with the delivery of oxygen to tissues.
Red blood cells with normal haemoglobin levels are smooth, flexible, and have a biconcave shape. Allowing the cells to move effortlessly through blood vessels. Cells with Sickle Cell haemoglobin tend to be stiff, sticky, and are in a ‘sickle’ or crescent shape. These cells tend to stick together and can’t easily move through blood vessels.
Additionally, normal red blood cells can live up to 120 days. However, Sickle Cells only live for about 10 to 20 days. Furthermore, Sickle Cells may be destroyed by the spleen because of their shape and stiffness. The spleen aids to filter the blood of infections.
The main symptoms of Sickle Cell disease are:
• Painful episodes called Sickle Cell Crises, which can be very server and last weeks (dependent on the individual)
• An increased risk of serious infections
• Anemia (where red blood cells cannot carry enough oxygen around the body), which can cause tiredness and shortness of breath
• Jaundice or yellowing of the skin, eyes, and mouth is a common symptom of Sickle Cell Disease.
Treatment for Sickle Cell disease:
• Painkillers – Ibuprofen and/or Morphine (for server pain)
• Drinking plenty of water daily (8 to 10 glasses)
• Vaccinations and antibiotics (Phenoxymethylpenicillin)
• Folic acid (helps to prevent server anemia)
• Blood transfusions (either regularly or in an emergency)
• Bone marrow transplant
If you require any further health advice, please visit www.medipharmacygroup.co.uk