18/09/2021
CURE FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS COULD BE ‘NO FURTHER THAN THE END OF YOUR NOSE’ RESEARCHERS FIND
A cure for osteoarthritis could be no further than the end of your nose - as nasal cells can relieve chronic inflammation in the knee, according to new research. Doctors say the treatment could revolutionise therapy for a crippling condition that impacts 8.5 million people in the UK alone.
The cells originate from embryonic brain and spinal cord tissue - known as the neuroectoderm. Professor Ivan Martin, one of the researchers from Basel University in Switzerland, described the results as “amazing”.
“Unlike the cartilage tissue in the joints, these cartilage cells originate from precursor cells of the neuroectoderm. They therefore have a distinct regenerative and adaptive capacity - or plasticity. Tissue grown from nasal cartilage cells seems also to retain these special properties,” he explains.
Unlike other tissues, cartilage that cushions the surface of joints has little capacity to grow back. Now clinical studies have shown cartilage cells from the nasal septum, the partition that divides the nostrils, combat osteoarthritis.
Orthopaedic and plastic surgeons took a tissue sample from the noses of two patients, and cultivated them in a laboratory. They then used them to grow a cartilage layer that was later implanted into the knee joint.
The young volunteers had severe osteoarthritis due to misalignment of the leg bones and faced having a whole knee prosthesis. But following implantation of the engineered cartilage both reported a reduction in pain, and increased quality of life.
MRI scans showed the bones in the knee of one of the patients were further apart than previously. The researchers are confident patients will be able to manage without knee joint prostheses, at least for some time.
Professor Martin says, “Our results have enabled us to lay the biological foundation for a therapy, and we are cautiously optimistic.”
(The findings have been reported in the journal Science Translational Medicine.)