22/09/2024                                                                            
                                    
                                                                            
                                            Really interesting article published this week by the British Journal of Sports Medicine ( BMJSM) that reinforces our knowledge in diagnosis and best management of Greater Trochanter Pain Syndrome (GTPS) formerly more commonly referred to as Trochanteric bursitis.
Funnily enough a lady approached me informally a couple of days ago voicing her concerns that she was developing OA hips as she had pain on the outside of her hips on both sides, worse lying side to side at night. I did suggest she makes an appointment to see me in office hours so I could make a more accurate diagnosis other than in a bar !!!
Generally the symptoms of pain can radiate down the outer aspect of the thigh to the knee, into the gluteal (buttock) region and above the hip joint.
1 in 4 women over 50 are affected
Female:male ratio is 4:1
Pain can be made worse with prolonged sitting and climbing stairs
The average duration of symptoms prior to having any treatment is 7 weeks to 4 years !
GTPS is thought to be due to excessive overload of soft tissue structures on the outside of the hip/ pelvic area. It can be associated with  metabolic conditions such as diabetes, Rheumatoid arthritis and being overweight. Other risk factors are age, menopause status, friction during provoking movements and biomechanical factors such as leg length differences, spinal scoliosis, high intensity training or equally sedentary lifestyle.
The commonest causes of GTPS are due to the gluteal tendons more than bursitis. There may be degenerative changes, partial or full thickness tendon tears.
Resolution of symptoms is commonly slow and 50% of cases have ongoing pain at one year.
Most importantly however is understanding what treatments are available to address the individuals symptoms. There is never one magic bullet !
Education needs to be at the top of the list. Improving metabolic health, explaining tendon loading and identifying reversible risk factors such as body weight, sleeping positions, tracking step count and terrain need to be addressed.
As a favourite modality of mine, it goes without saying; exercise forms the mainstay of initial treatment. There is ever increasing evidence in management of tendons with the principle that treatment is aimed at restoring tendon capacity to full function.
Encouraging generic forms of exercise such as cycling, walking, water based exercise as well as specific exercises to progressively load the tendons without provoking symptoms.
My suggestion would be if you have a suspicion of having GTPS please seek the advice of your trusted physiotherapist. Corticosteroid injections have been shown to be less effective compared to education and exercise.
An extensive list in the article included :
Weight loss
Non steroidal anti inflammatory meds
Ice
Taping
Rest
Targeted physio ( exercises to build strength)
Load modification
Shockwave therapy
Therapeutic ultrasound
Corticosteroid injections
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) injections
Surgical intervention 
Food for thought !     Enough for a Sunday night blog.