12/04/2025
What is Trauma?
‘Any event or ongoing experience with a significant impact on the survival of the animal part of the brain’ (Van de Kolk, 2014). Trauma is not necessarily the traumatic incident(s) experienced but the impact for that individual - the internal injury - as well as the intensity of the experience of helplessness & powerlessness (Levine, 1997).
It can be an inconsistent, neglectful or abusive caregiver as a child (developmental trauma), a single traumatic incident like a car crash (acute trauma), or a traumatic experience that lasted several years - like war & displacement (chronic trauma).
When trauma remains unprocessed your body feels as though it is live & happening in the present - continuing to shape thoughts, feelings, reactions, bodily sensations (Maté, 2022). The Prefrontal cortex (logic-making part of the brain) is literally short circuited and remains offline when an individual with trauma is exposed to trauma triggers (Van de Kolk, 2014).
In this way adaptive response patterns inhibit the defensive system, causing a smaller “Window of Tolerance” and difficulties regulating; which adversely affects relationships, social connection, cognition, memory and quality of living (Siegel, 2020).
The energy from the unresolved traumatic incident remains highly charged and in need of release and relief, causing states of hyperarousal and hypo-arousal, manifesting in complex psychological disorders and psychosomatic symptoms - such as chronic fatigue, digestion issues, insomnia, and even degenerative diseases (Dana, 2018; Maté, 2022).
For these reasons, trauma cannot be rationalised “out of” (Levine, 1997). The right hemisphere of the brain is where emotions, memory and creativity are stored (the amygdala and hippocampus specifically, part of the Limbic System) (Van de Kolk, 2014). Art making engages body-mind connection, stimulating the creative capabilities of the right hemisphere of the brain where trauma becomes imprinted - as well as working with the left hemisphere, improving integration in the brain (Kalmanowitz and Ho, 2016).