25/07/2025
All About GLP-1s: Who They Can Help—and Who They May Not
GLP-1 receptor agonists (like semaglutide or liraglutide) are a class of medications originally developed for type 2 diabetes that have proven to significantly reduce appetite and support weight loss. But despite the hype, they're not a magic bullet—and they aren’t right for everyone.
The 4 Main Types of Weight Gain – And GLP-1 Effectiveness
1. Hungry Gut
These individuals feel physically hungry shortly after eating. The problem often lies with impaired gut-brain signaling and satiety hormone response (like GLP-1, PYY, or CCK).
✅ GLP-1s are often highly effective here. They slow gastric emptying, enhance satiety, and may correct hormonal imbalances that disrupt fullness cues.
2. Hungry Brain
This group doesn’t feel satisfied despite eating enough. Their brain’s reward center overrides normal hunger cues—often tied to dopamine-driven eating.
⚠️ GLP-1s may help by dulling food reward, but results vary depending on how hardwired the reward-seeking behavior is.
3. Emotional Eater
Driven by stress, trauma, boredom, or mood states, emotional eaters use food for regulation—not hunger.
❌ GLP-1s may offer mild support by reducing cravings, but they don’t fix emotional or behavioral patterns. Therapy or CBT is often more effective.
4. Slow Burner (Low Metabolic Rate)
Weight gain stems from low energy expenditure or a genetically/metabolically slower metabolism.
⚠️ GLP-1s may reduce intake, but if metabolism remains suppressed, long-term success is limited without muscle-building and lifestyle changes.
The Science: How GLP-1s Work
Mimic natural GLP-1 hormone released after eating
Slow gastric emptying → feel fuller longer
Suppress appetite via hypothalamus
Improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood sugar spikes
May reduce food reward signaling in the brain (dopamine effect)
The Caveats & Risks
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, constipation, bloating, gallbladder issues, and rare risks like pancreatitis
Nutrient Loss: Eating less can mean undernourishment if not managed properly
Emotional Effects: Some report flat affect or mood changes
Cost: If not available through the NHS: Expensive (especially when not covered by insurance), often $800–$1,300/month
You Can’t Stay On Them Forever
GLP-1s are not a lifelong solution for most people. When stopped:
Appetite typically returns, sometimes stronger
Weight regain is common if underlying patterns aren’t addressed
Muscle loss during rapid weight loss can reduce long-term metabolism unless countered with resistance training and protein intake
So Who Are They Best For?
✅ People with:
Significant excess weight and metabolic dysfunction (insulin resistance, prediabetes)
Hungry Gut or Hungry Brain tendencies
Willingness to combine meds with lifestyle and psychological support
🚫 May not be helpful (or sustainable) for:
Emotional eaters without therapy
People with normal BMI just looking for quick fixes
Anyone expecting a medication to fix lifestyle or emotional roots of overeating
Bottom Line
GLP-1s can be powerful tools—but they’re not cures. Knowing why you gain weight is key to knowing if they’ll help. And whatever the starting point, sustainable change always requires habits, mindset, and self-awareness.
So, have you tried a GLP-1 and how successful has it been for you? Zoe