25/03/2025
This is a condition I live with daily. Today we highlight this common but unknown condition.
Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is a brain network disorder that can encompass a diverse range of neurological symptoms including limb weakness, paralysis, seizures, walking difficulties, spasms, twitching, sensory issues and more. Anyone of any age can receive the diagnosis. For many symptoms are severe and disabling, and life changing for all.
Whilst the symptoms may appear similar to those seen in neurological conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s and Epilepsy, and can be just as debilitating, they have a different underlining cause.
The basic wiring of the nervous system is intact, but there is a problem with how the brain/nervous system is “functioning”, and how the brain fails to send and/or receive signals (messages) correctly. This impacts on how the body responds to different tasks such as movement control and attention.
Functional seizures are a symptom of FND. Anyone, of any age, can develop functional seizures (formerly known as Non-Epileptic Attack Disorder [NEAD]). These seizures look like epileptic seizures but are not caused by the electrical activity in the brain.
A functional seizure can differ from person to person and may present as dissociation, blackouts, collapsing, twitching and jerking. People can be aware (but not always) of what is occurring and are unable to communicate.
It is currently believed that functional seizures are triggered by the brain’s response to overwhelming stress, which can be from emotional or physical (e.g. pain) triggers, but there may be other causes. For some people symptoms may proceed a specific traumatic incident, for others an accumulation of stress over time, and for others no reason at all. Many people are confused by the diagnosis as they don’t feel particularly stressed, especially given it is common for people to have seizures during rest.