23/02/2026
đż What Is Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD)?
Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD) is a term often used to describe the intense emotional pain some people experience when they perceive rejection, criticism or disapproval. Itâs especially common among people with ADHD and autism, although anyone can experience elements of it.
RSD isnât a diagnosis, itâs a way of understanding a pattern of emotional responses that can feel overwhelming, sudden and difficult to regulate. For many neurodivergent people, itâs one of the most challenging aspects of daily life.
đ Why does RSD happen?
While research is ongoing, several factors are thought to contribute:
Differences in emotional regulation often seen in ADHD and autism
Heightened sensitivity to social cues, especially when communication has historically been misunderstood
Past experiences of criticism, masking or exclusion, which can make the nervous system more reactive
A strong desire to do well or not disappoint others, which can amplify perceived failure
RSD is not about being âtoo sensitive.â Itâs about a nervous system that reacts quickly and intensely to social or emotional threat.
đ§ What does RSD feel like?
People often describe:
Sudden waves of shame or embarrassment
Feeling devastated by mild feedback
Avoiding situations where they might be judged
Overthinking interactions long after theyâve happened
People-pleasing or perfectionism as a way to avoid criticism
Feeling physically overwhelmed (tight chest, racing thoughts, shutdowns)
These reactions can be brief but powerful, and they can affect relationships, work, school, and self-esteem.
đą How can counselling help?
As a pluralistic counsellor and as someone who is autistic and ADHD myself (with a household who all are) I understand how deeply RSD can shape everyday life.
In therapy, we might explore:
Understanding your personal triggers
Building emotional regulation strategies
Developing self-compassion and reducing internalised shame
Strengthening boundaries and communication
Challenging unhelpful beliefs around failure or rejection
Creating personalised coping tools that fit your neurotype
Pluralistic counselling recognises that different people need different things at different times. We work together to find approaches that genuinely support you.
đŹ If RSD resonates with youâŚ
Youâre not alone, and youâre not imagining it. Many neurodivergent people experience these intense emotional responses, and with the right support, it is possible to understand them, manage them, and feel more grounded.
If youâd like to explore this in a safe, non-judgemental space, youâre welcome to get in touch.
letstalk@hazelwoodcounselling.co.uk
07753 742153