22/06/2025
ADHD isnât a lack of discipline or motivationâitâs a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how the brain regulates attention, emotions, and behaviour.
đ§ Letâs talk brain science for a moment.
(Confession: in the first year of my undergraduate psychology degree, I failed my very first examâneuropsychology. That experience lit a fire in me. Not just to pass next timeâbut to understand how this incredibly complex and powerful âthingâ called the brain actually works.)
In ADHD, certain brain regions function differently, which helps explain why focus, impulsivity, and emotional regulation can be such a challenge.
đš Prefrontal Cortex â Often called the brainâs âexecutive centre,â this area manages planning, prioritising, focus, and self-control. In ADHD, it may be underactive or develop more slowlyâmaking it harder to pause, organise, or follow through.
đš Basal Ganglia â Crucial for attention, motivation, and movement regulation. When underactive, it contributes to that classic pattern of starting tasks with great energy and quickly losing steam.
đš Cerebellum â Long associated with motor control, itâs now known to help with mental organisation, coordination, and timingâall areas where ADHD can impact functioning.
⨠And at the chemical level, itâs all about dopamine and norepinephrineâthe brainâs motivation and alertness messengers. In ADHD, they donât circulate effectively. Thatâs why kids with ADHD can swing between hyperfocus and inattention, and struggle with delayed rewards or emotional regulation.
But hereâs the hopeful partâŚ
đ¨âđŠâđ§âđŚ While ADHD is biological, the family environment has the power to shape how symptoms are experienced and managed.
What helps?
âď¸ Predictable routines
âď¸ Emotional safety
âď¸ Clear but compassionate boundaries
âď¸ Regulation tools, not punishment
Children with ADHD donât need to be âfixed.â
They need to be seen, understood, and supportedâin a world that often misunderstands them.
With empathy, structure, and presence, we can help them not just cope, but truly thrive. đ