04/11/2022
Fascinating paper on breast milk and the importance of chrononutrition.
The newborn can continue receiving the mother’s timed cues through breastmilk. Colostrum, transitional, and mature human milk are extraordinary complex biofluids that besides nutrients, contain an array of other non-nutritive components. Upon birth the first milk, colostrum, is rich in bioactive, immunological factors, and in complex oligosaccharides which help the proper establishment of the microbiome in the gut, which is crucial for the infants’ health. Hormones, such as glucocorticoids and melatonin, transfer from the mother’s plasma to milk, and then the infant is exposed to circadian cues from their mother. Also, milk components of fat, proteins, amino acids, and endogenous cannabinoids, among others, have a markedly different concentration between day and night.
If for whatever reason a newborn isn’t being breastfed then try and pay even more attention to the light/dark cycles. Use dim lighting in the evenings, and try and have a period of real darkness.
Unfortunately, there is only limited research on the role of breastfeeding and control of light-dark conditions in the establishment of infant circadian rhythms and wellbeing.
But the evidence we do have, fortunately, is compelling (i.e exposing premature infants to a light/dark cycle in neonatal clinics) and leading neonatal care societies to recommend this practice for clinical applications.