23/01/2026
“From the observations of Bessel van der Kolk, one of the most authoritative scholars in the field of psychotraumatology, a seemingly paradoxical fact emerges: many traumatized people do not only avoid the memory of the traumatic event, but also tend to seek out emotionally intense, conflictual, and even dangerous situations.
Van der Kolk recounts that, while working with veterans of the Vietnam War, he noticed that many of them seemed to come back to life precisely when they narrated the most dramatic episodes of combat—such as falling from helicopters, being wounded, or witnessing the death of fellow soldiers. Despite the horror of these memories, in those moments the patients appeared more present and more connected to themselves.
This phenomenon, however, is not limited to war veterans. In everyday clinical practice, something similar can also be observed in people who have experienced abuse, accidents, violence, early neglect, or highly dysfunctional relationships. These individuals often report a chronic sense of emptiness, boredom, and emotional detachment, which is temporarily relieved only when they are involved in highly charged situations—such as conflicts, unstable relationships, risky behaviors, or dynamics of submission and aggression.
After a trauma, the body can remain stuck in two main states:
Hyperactivation, characterized by anxiety, anger, hypervigilance, and impulsivity.
Hypoactivation, which manifests as emotional numbness, a sense of emptiness, detachment, and apathy.
Many people oscillate between these two poles. When they are in a shutdown state, the absence of emotions can be experienced as deeply distressing, even if it is less overt than fear or panic. In these moments, situations of high emotional intensity—including negative ones—can reactivate the nervous system and produce a sensation of vitality.
In other words, it feels better to feel something painful than to feel nothing at all.
Another fundamental aspect is that the traumatized brain tends to confuse what is familiar with what is safe. If early relational or life experiences were characterized by instability, fear, or unpredictability, the nervous system may learn to recognize those sensations as normal.
As a result, calm, stability, and safety can feel unfamiliar, even boring. This helps explain why some people feel uncomfortable in healthy relationships or in a peaceful daily life, and are instead drawn to emotionally turbulent contexts which, although harmful, feel unconsciously recognizable. This is an automatic emotional regulation mechanism enacted by a nervous system that struggles to regain balance.
Many people feel shame about these behaviors and do not understand why they keep finding themselves in dynamics that cause them suffering. It is important to understand that these are neurobiological consequences of trauma.
From a clinical perspective, this means that trauma therapy cannot be limited to the cognitive processing of memories. It is also necessary to work on regulating the nervous system, helping the person tolerate more neutral emotional states—such as calm and safety—without perceiving them as threatening or empty.
Approaches such as sensorimotor therapy, EMDR, trauma-oriented mindfulness, and attachment-based therapies aim precisely to gradually rebuild the capacity to remain in the present without the need for extreme stimuli in order to feel alive.
Trauma is not just a painful memory; it is a profound transformation in the way the body and mind regulate emotions. The tendency to seek intense situations is not driven by a desire to suffer, but by an attempt to emerge from emotional numbness and regain a sense of existence”
Illustration by Gerard Du Bois