中大泌尿外科

11/07/2025

[ #中大泌尿] 🩺 #醫生話你知: 晚期前列腺癌的治療

隨著醫學進步，晚期前列腺癌患者不必絕望。透過不同治療方案，許多患者仍能提高存活率並保持生活質素。

晚期前列腺癌的治療以集控制腫瘤生長為主。除了常見的放射治療和免疫治療外，雄激素剝奪療法（ADT）也是主要治療方法之一。ADT透過藥物注射或睪丸切除手術抑制雄激素，從而減慢癌細胞擴散。

最新研究顯示，新一代荷爾蒙藥物和化療對骨轉移的前列腺癌患者有顯著療效。由於癌細胞擴散至骨骼，患者可能面臨骨折風險，建議進行適當的負重運動和補骨治療，以提高骨密度並減少骨折機會。醫生有時也會採取舒緩性治療，減輕因癌細胞擴散引起的疼痛。
晚期前列腺癌患者要與醫生保持良好溝通，討論合適的治療方案，保持正面心態，不要輕言放棄。

[ ] 🩺 : Treatment for Advanced Prostate Cancer

With advancements in medicine, patients with advanced prostate cancer need not despair. Many can improve their survival rates and maintain quality of life through various treatment options.

Treatment at this stage primarily focuses on controlling tumor growth. Besides radiation and immunotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a key method that suppresses androgens via drug injections or surgical removal of testicles to slow cancer spread.

Recent studies show that new hormonal agents and chemotherapy significantly benefit patients with bone metastases. As cancer spreads to the bones, patients face fracture risks, so weight-bearing exercises and bone protective agents are recommended. Palliative care may also be used to alleviate pain.

It is essential for patients to maintain good communication with their doctors, discuss suitable treatment options, keep a positive mindset, and not give up easily.

#醫生話你知 #前列腺癌 #雄激素剝奪療法

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30/05/2025

🩺 ［香港中文大學何善衡泌尿中心 - 前列腺健康篩查］

📋 活動介紹：
根據衛生署數據，前列腺癌是本港男性常見的癌症之一。透過及早篩查，可以有效降低相關的健康風險。本次活動由中大何善衡泌尿中心舉辦，為合資格人士提供免費的前列腺特異抗原PSA檢測服務。由於名額有限，我們將以抽籤方式處理。

活動日期時間：2025年7月至11月（詳細日期時間將於成功獲選時通知）
活動地點： 沙田區（詳細地址將於成功獲選時通知）
活動內容：(所需時間約一小時)
1. 影片講解：深入淺出地介紹前列腺增生，前列腺癌的檢查與治療。
2. 前列腺健康篩查：合資格人士可獲免費前列腺特異抗原（PSA）測試乙次。
• 測試方式：我們將以指尖採血方式為參加者抽取血液樣本，並透過PSA檢測機進行現場測試，約十分鐘即可得知結果。

👥 參加資格：
• 性別：男性
• 年齡：50-75歲
• 從未接受前列腺相關檢查

如有興趣參加活動，請填妥以下網上表格。
📝 https://forms.office.com/r/HRJspBWSW6

🔍 如想了解更多關於前列腺癌風險的評估, 可以瀏覽以下網址;
https://urologycentre.com.hk/zh-hant/diseases/detail/how-to-investigate-and-make-diagnosis-for-prostate-cancer

#前列腺癌 #前列腺特異抗原篩查 #香港中文大學何善衡泌尿中心

09/05/2025

[ #中大泌尿] 🩺 #醫生話你知: 前列腺癌放射治療的最新發展

放射治療是治療早期非轉移性前列腺癌的方法之一。隨著醫學進步，現今的放射治療變得更精準，更有效根治前列腺癌。

傳統放射治療使用電腦掃描器定位腫瘤，並用高劑量X光照射腫瘤，但影像解像度較低，可能傷及附近腫瘤正常的細胞。現代的磁共振導航影像技術則提高了影像質量，使醫生能更清楚地觀察腫瘤及周圍組織，減低附近正常組織的風險。

新興的治療方法還包括立體定向放射治療和質子治療。立體定向放射治療的治療劑量較高出傳統技術高，因此能顯著減少治療次數。質子治療則透過質子精確投射高劑量射線，將副作用降至最低。

[ ] 🩺 : Latest Advancement of Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

Radiation therapy is one of the methods for treating early-stage prostate cancer. With advancements in medicine, today’s radiation therapy has become more precise and effective.

Traditional radiation therapy uses computer tomography to locate the tumor and irradiates it with high radiation dose. However, because of the low resolution of the image, normal tissues or cells near the tumor may be inadvertently involved. Modern MRI-guided imaging technology improves image quality, allowing doctors to better observe the tumor and surrounding tissues, reducing the risk to harming nearby normal tissues.

Emerging treatment methods also include stereotactic radiation therapy and proton therapy. Stereotactic radiation therapy delivers higher radiation dose than traditional techniques, significantly reducing the number of treatments needed. Proton therapy, on the other hand, uses protons to precisely target the tumor with high doses of radiation, minimizing side effects.

#醫生話你知 #前列腺癌 #放射治療 #立體定向放射治療 #質子治療


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11/04/2025

[ #中大泌尿] 🩺 #醫生話你知: 前列腺癌手術

只要在前列腺癌手術的前後加強護理，就能減輕因手術引起的相關問題。

在手術前，病人可以多做骨盆底肌肉運動，以減少手術後可能出現的小便失禁問題。如果採用機械臂微創手術去治療，病人通常會比傳統的剖腹手術恢復得更快。一般來說，機器手臂微創手術可在兩至三小時內完成，如需清除淋巴結，手術的時間便會較長。

大多數病人在手術後一至兩天便可下床活動，當病人恢復飲食和活動能力後，便可以出院，而導尿管則通常在手術後一至兩星期拆除。

手術後，病人可能會出現尿失禁或勃起功能障礙，病人在與醫生討論後可進行相關的康復治療，例如透過骨盆底肌肉運動來增強骨盆底的肌肉，以改善漏尿問題。康復者也應定期進行PSA檢測，以觀察前列腺的狀況。

[ ] 🩺 : Prostate Cancer Surgery

Prehabilitation and rehabilitation care before and after prostate cancer surgery can help reduce morbidities caused by the surgery.

Before surgery, patients can perform pelvic floor muscle exercises to reduce the chances of urinary incontinence afterward. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery generally allows for a quicker recovery compared to traditional open surgery and usually takes two to three hours. If pelvic lymph nodes are removed, the surgery may take longer.

Most patients can get out of bed and mobilize within one to two days after the surgery. Once they can eat and mobilize, they can be discharged from hospital. The Foley’s catheter is typically removed one to two weeks later.

After surgery, some patients may experience urinary incontinence or erectile dysfunction. They can discuss rehabilitation options with their doctors, such as pelvic floor exercises to strengthen the muscles for alleviating urinary incontinence. Patients are also recommended to have regular PSA testing to monitor their disease after surgery.

#醫生話你知 #前列腺癌


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28/03/2025

[ #中大泌尿] 🩺 #醫生話你知: 即使確診前列腺癌都不必過度憂慮

男士如確診前列腺癌，也無需過分擔心。患者應首先進行全面檢查，以評估癌症的期數，然後與醫生討論適合的治療方案。

前列腺癌的治療方法有很多，早期前列腺癌的治療方法包括積極監測、前列腺全切除手術、放射性治療或觀察等待。

至於轉移性前列腺癌，除了手術和放射性治療外，患者還可考慮荷爾蒙治療或定位治療。其中雄激素阻隔治療(Androgen Deprivation Therapy, ADT) 是荷爾蒙治療的關鍵療法，並可根據病情配合新型荷爾蒙藥物、化療、免疫治療及新一代標靶治療或舒緩性治療。

[ ] 🩺 : Don’t Worry Too Much If You Are Diagnosed With Prostate Cancer

If a man is diagnosed with prostate cancer, there is no need for excessive worry. Patients should first undergo comprehensive examinations to assess the stage of the cancer, and then discuss suitable treatment options with their doctors.

There are many treatment methods for prostate cancer. Early-stage prostate cancer treatments include active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, or watchful waiting.

For metastatic prostate cancer, in addition to surgery and radiation therapy, patients may also consider hormone therapy or SBRT. Among these, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a key method of hormone treatment, which can be combined with new hormonal agents, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy or palliative care based on the patient's condition.

#醫生話你知 #前列腺癌 #雄激素阻隔治療

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07/03/2025

[ #中大泌尿] 🩺 #醫生話你知: 如何進行前列腺活檢

如果發現PSA異常，就應考慮進行前列腺活組織檢查，以確定是否患有前列腺癌。

由於前列腺鄰近直腸，醫生會將超聲波影像儀器插入直腸，通過會陰進行穿刺，以抽取足夠的前列腺組織進行病理分析。

若病人於前列腺活檢前進行MRI掃描，醫生便可以將MRI圖像與超聲波影像融合，並針對懷疑腫瘤的位置進行多次取樣，從而提高活檢的準確性。如果MRI掃描若顯示前列腺正常，則可避免不必要的前列腺活檢。

[ ] 🩺 : How Transperineal Ultrasound Guided Prostatic Biopsy (TPUS) Is Done

If an abnormal PSA level is detected, it is advisable to consider a prostate biopsy to determine whether prostate cancer is present.

As the prostate is adjacent to the re**um, the doctor will insert an ultrasound probe into the re**um to perform a biopsy through the perineum, extracting sufficient prostate tissue for pathological analysis.

If the patient undergoes an MRI scan prior to the prostate biopsy, the doctor can fuse the MRI images with the ultrasound images of the prostate and perform multiple samplings at the suspected tumor location, thereby increasing the accuracy of the biopsy. If the MRI scan indicates that the prostate is normal, unnecessary biopsies can be avoided.

#醫生話你知 #前列腺癌 #前列腺活檢

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21/02/2025

[ #中大泌尿] 🩺 #醫生話你知: PSA指數高也不一定有前列腺癌

PSA指數是評估前列腺癌的常見指標，但高PSA指數並不意味著一定是患有前列腺癌。正常的PSA水平應介乎於2.5至4.0 ng/mL之間。當PSA在4至10之間時，患癌的機率約為26%；而高於10時，則大概為53%。儘管如此，PSA升高的原因可能有很多，例如良性前列腺增生、尿道炎及前列腺炎。因此，當發現PSA異常時，應尋求泌尿科醫生的專業意見。

要有效診斷前列腺癌，病人可考慮進行MRI檢查。MRI能夠精確檢測和定位病變，而PI-RADS（前列腺影像報告和數據系統）則是用於標準化MRI影像解讀和評估病變風險的評分系統（1 到5），分數越高，患上前列腺癌的可能性越大。在風險較高的情況下，病人可能需要進行前列腺活組織檢查。

[ ] 🩺 : Elevated PSA Levels Do Not Necessarily Mean That You Have Prostate Cancer

The PSA index is a common indicator for assessing prostate cancer; however, a high PSA level does not necessarily mean that one has prostate cancer. Normal PSA levels should range between 2.5 and 4.0 ng/mL. When the PSA index is between 4 and 10, the probability of having cancer is approximately 26%, while a level above 10 indicates about a 53% chance. Nevertheless, there are many possible reasons for elevated PSA levels such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, urethritis, and prostatitis. Therefore, professional advice from a urologist should be sought when PSA abnormalities are detected.

To effectively diagnose prostate cancer, patients may consider undergoing an MRI examination. MRI can accurately detect and locate lesions, while PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System) is a scoring system used to standardize the interpretation of MRI images and assess the risk of lesions (ranging from 1 to 5). The higher the score, the greater the likelihood of prostate cancer, increasing the need for undergoing a prostate biopsy.

#醫生話你知 #前列腺癌


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07/02/2025

[ #中大泌尿] 🩺 #醫生話你知: 早期前列腺癌大多沒有病徵

前列腺癌是香港三大常見癌症之一。然而，早期的前列腺癌通常沒有明顯的病徵，因此建議男性從50歲開始定期接受前列腺癌篩檢。如果有前列腺癌家族史或遺傳BRCA ½基因的男性，則更應該在40至45歲開始接受定期檢查。

男性可透過檢查PSA、phi指數或進行MRI影像檢查來評估罹患前列腺癌的風險。如有異常，檢查者通常需要進行前列腺活檢，以準確診斷是否患有前列腺癌。

[ ] 🩺 : Early Stage Prostate Cancer Are Mostly Asymptomatic

Prostate cancer is one of the three most common cancers in Hong Kong. Since most patients with early stage prostate cancer are asymptomatic, it is recommended that screening begins at age 50. Men with a family history of prostate cancer or carrying the hereditary BRCA ½ gene should begin regular screenings earlier, at the age of 40 to 45.

Men can assess their risk of prostate cancer by testing PSA, phi index, or undergoing an MRI scan. If abnormalities are found, the individual typically needs to undergo a prostate biopsy for an accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer.

#醫生話你知 #前列腺癌 #定期檢查


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11/11/2024

[ #探泌] 🕵️良性前列腺增生的藥物治療

藥物治療是其中一種有效治療良性前列腺增生的方法。常用的藥物包括α-受體阻滯劑，這類藥物通過阻斷控制前列腺肌肉的神經來放鬆肌肉，從而改善排尿。然而，傳統的α-受體阻滯劑可能會導致低血壓和頭暈。隨著醫學的進步，新一代的α-受體阻滯劑對血壓的影響已大大減少。此外，5α-還原酶抑制劑也是一種常用的藥物，能夠抑制男性荷爾蒙，促使前列腺縮小。

更多資訊: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6nrAT4lhCY 及 https://shorturl.at/O22o5

[ ] 🕵️ Medications for BPH

Medications are commonly used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). One widely used class of drugs is alpha-receptor blockers, which help to relax the bladder neck and urethral muscles, which helps with urination. However, patients may experience side effects such as low blood pressure and dizziness. Fortunately, advancements in medicine have led to new alpha-receptor blockers that have milder side effects. Another common medication is 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, which reduce prostate size by blocking the production of male hormones.

More information: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6nrAT4lhCY & https://shorturl.at/cmygG

#探泌 #中大泌尿 #泌尿 #前列腺增生

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09/11/2024

[ #探泌] 🕵️‍ 前列腺癌的治療方法：機械臂手術

機械臂手術是治療前列腺癌的一種方法。與傳統的剖腹手術不同，機械臂手術僅需在病人的腹部開六個小孔，醫生便可進行手術。醫生會透過控制台操控機械臂和鏡頭來完成手術。由於機械臂可以彎曲和旋轉，所以其精準度較傳統剖腹手術高。此外，機械臂手術的恢復時間也相對較短。
更多關於前列腺癌的治療方法: https://shorturl.at/8n9h6

[ ] 🕵️‍ Treatment of prostate cancer: Robotic surgery
Robotic surgery is one of the treatment options for prostate cancer. Unlike traditional surgical methods, it requires only six small incisions in the abdomen. During the procedure, the surgeon controls the robotic arms and camera from a console. With the robotic arms, urologists can perform prevision surgery. Additionally, patients typically experience a faster recovery time.
More information on treatments for prostate cancer: https://shorturl.at/XtenX

#探泌 #中大泌尿 #泌尿 #前列腺癌 #機械臂手術

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機械臂手術是治療前列腺癌的一種方法。與傳統的剖腹手術不同，機械臂手術僅需在病人的腹部開六個小孔，醫生便可進行手術。醫生會透過控制台操控機械臂和鏡頭來完成手術。由於機械臂可以彎曲和旋轉，所以其精準度較傳...

08/11/2023

[中大何善衡泌尿中心成立十週年🎉 ]
香港中文大學外科學系泌尿外科組有賴何善衡慈善基金會的慷慨支持，於2013年11月8日成立「香港中文大學何善衡泌尿中心」。過去十年，我們中心致力開展基礎科學和臨床研究，並推廣泌尿外科教育。我們將會繼續履行使命，服務有需要的人士，創建一個更健康的未來。

[10th Anniversary of S.H. Ho Urology Centre 🎉]
Thanks to the generous donation of the S.H. Ho Foundation, the CUHK S.H. Ho Urology Centre was established on 8 November 2013. Over the past decade, the Centre has dedicated itself to education, research and the promotion of urological health. We hope to continue fulfilling our mission and striving for a better future.

#探泌 #中大泌尿 #香港泌尿 #泌尿