09/04/2026
平日如何同SEN相處
面對表達不清的人,你可能會感到疑惑或不耐煩,但 SEN人士受神經傳導物質調節失衡的影響, 溝通確實有挑戰。倒不如了解他們特性,主動建立有效溝通!
根據《精神疾病診斷與統計手冊》(DSM),SEN不是臨床診斷疾病,而是一種遺傳差異,大腦運作模式與主流人群有所不同。
相處第一步,是察覺溝通時的需要。可以留意以下幾點:
🔸沒回應問題
🔸答非所問
🔸表達需求時顯得糾結或疑惑
🔸難以解讀表情、語氣和肢體語言,誤解對方情緒或事態嚴重性
那該如何應對呢🧐?
✔️正向指示代替否定句
將「點解唔出聲?」換成「輪到你講啦」,是否明確多了?讓他們知道可以做甚麼,而非不應做甚麼。
✔️確認理解
對話中途溫和地邀請他們:「不如你講返一次我聽?」確保理解一致。給予充足時間,不用催促或急着替對方回答。
🚫無須拐彎抹角
SEN人士傾向按字面理解意思,隱喻反而易造成誤解,簡單直接才最有效。
🚫避免標籤化表達
將SEN類型變成玩笑用語,如「成個ADHD咁」,可能令真正有需要的人不敢求助;用負面框架描述行為,如「點解成日唔專心?」無形中也把問題歸咎於個人態度,但其實許多SEN行為不是出於意願,而是大腦運作方式的差異。
How to Communicate with SEN
When faced with people who do not express themselves clearly, we may be confused or irritated. Yet for SEN individuals, with neurotransmitter abnormalities, communication can be a real challenge. Why not take the initiative to build effective communication?
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), SEN is not a disorder, but a natural genetic variation where brain functions differ from the majority.
Pay attention to these communication patterns:
🔸Difficulty responding to questions
🔸Irrelevant answers
🔸A hesitant expression of their own needs
🔸Challenges interpreting facial expressions, tone, or body language, leading to misunderstandings about emotions or the seriousness of a situation
Then how should we communicate? 🧐
✔️ Use Positive Directives
Rephrase “Why aren’t you speaking up?” as “It’s your turn to speak.” It’s much clearer!
✔️ Invite Clarification
From time to time, ask “Could you repeat that back to me?” to confirm understanding.
🚫 Minimize Abstract Expressions
SEN individuals may ponder the literal meaning. Metaphors or indirect phrases create confusion. Simplicity works best.
🚫 Avoid Labeling or Framing
Phrases like “You are so ADHD!” turn SEN types into mocking labels, making those who need support reluctant to seek it. Comments like “Why can’t you do this?” frame the issue as a matter of attitude, when SEN-related behaviours often stem from neurological differences.
#中大有晴 #心理健康及輔導中心