Heart care

15/09/2025

12/09/2025

09/09/2025

Essential (Primary) Hypertension

Definition: Elevated blood pressure with no identifiable secondary cause.

Epidemiology: ~90–95% of all hypertension cases.

Onset: Gradual, usually age 30–50 years.

Risk Factors:

Genetics/family history

High salt intake

Obesity

Sedentary lifestyle

Alcohol, stress, smoking

Clinical features: Often asymptomatic, detected on routine screening.

Course: Chronic, slowly progressive.

Management: Lifestyle modification + antihypertensives as per guidelines.

---

Secondary Hypertension

Definition: Elevated BP due to an identifiable underlying condition.

Epidemiology: ~5–10% of hypertensives.

Onset: Often younger (

06/09/2025

In every case of stable angina with clear-cut history, normal exam, and no suspicion of structural disease, a resting echo adds little diagnostic value compared to ECG and stress testing.

Guidelines generally recommend echo if LV dysfunction is suspected, exam suggests structural disease, or if results would change management.

01/02/2025

Hypertension myths: Hypertension causes epistaxis (Nosebleeds).

The idea that hypertension (high blood pressure) directly causes epistaxis (nosebleeds) is a myth. While nosebleeds are commonly associated with high blood pressure, scientific evidence does not support hypertension as a direct cause of epistaxis.

Many people who experience nosebleeds get their blood pressure measured afterward, and it is often elevated. However, this is usually due to stress or pain from the bleeding, not the cause of it.