09/11/2023
Gastroenterologists play a critical role in monitoring cirrhosis and its management. They utilize various tests and parameters to assess the progression of the disease and to determine if any complications have developed. Some of the key tests and parameters involved in cirrhosis management include:
Liver Function Tests: These blood tests measure liver enzymes and other substances in the blood. Common markers include:
Alanine transaminase (ALT)
Aspartate transaminase (AST)
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
Bilirubin
Albumin
Prothrombin time (PT) or international normalized ratio (INR)
Imaging Studies:
Ultrasound: This non-invasive test can detect liver abnormalities and assess liver size and blood flow.
CT Scan or MRI: These imaging techniques provide detailed images of the liver and can help detect any tumors or complications.
FibroScan: This specialized ultrasound technology assesses the degree of liver fibrosis or scarring.
Endoscopy:
Gastroenterologists may perform an upper endoscopy to examine the esophagus and stomach for signs of varices (enlarged blood vessels) or bleeding, a common complication of cirrhosis.
Liver Biopsy: In some cases, a gastroenterologist may recommend a liver biopsy to assess the extent of fibrosis or cirrhosis and to check for the presence of liver cancer.
Platelet Count: Low platelet counts may be indicative of cirrhosis and portal hypertension, a common complication.
Child-Pugh Score: This scoring system assesses the severity of cirrhosis and helps guide treatment decisions based on parameters such as bilirubin, albumin, prothrombin time, ascites, and encephalopathy.
Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) Score: This scoring system helps predict the three-month survival of individuals with cirrhosis and is used to prioritize patients for liver transplantation.
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Levels: Elevated AFP levels may be indicative of liver cancer, a risk associated with cirrhosis.
Regular Physical Examinations: Gastroenterologists perform physical examinations to assess for signs and symptoms of cirrhosis, including jaundice, swelling, and changes in mental function.
