Cariousityy

15/12/2023

💠Back to the basics! Today's topic is the different types of Dental forceps used in the process of extraction. Let's begin with the Maxillary Forceps today❗️
🔸DENTAL FORCEPS are instruments used by dentists to effectively remove teeth that are cracked, damaged, chipped, or decayed. Simply said, dentists use extraction forceps to remove teeth with the least amount of force and effort while maintaining patient safety.
🔸Parts of a forcep: Each forcep has 3 main parts to it namely:--
- The handle
- The hinge joint
- The beaks (working ends)
🔸The dental forceps are divided into major categories namely:--
1) Maxillary forceps: These are forceps used by the dental professional for the extraction of upper (Maxillary) teeth.
2) Mandibular forceps: These are forceps used by the dental professional for the extraction of lower (Mandibular) teeth.
4) Paired forceps: These are forceps that are paired and can be particularly used for only one side/quadrant of teeth. For eg: Maxillary Molar Forceps which are different for 1st and 2 nd quadrant.
3) Universal forceps: These are forceps that can be used universally which means on both the quadrants of either maxillary or mandibular arches. For eg: Maxillary Premolar forceps which can be used for all the 4 premolars.

10/11/2023

💠Ever heard of brachial Plexus Birth Palsy❓Read onn! ERB'S PARALYSIS or Erb's palsy is a form of brachial plexus palsy. It is named for one of the doctors who first described this condition (Wilhelm Erb).
🔸What are the Causes❓
• The injury affects the movement of your shoulder and arm — they might be paralyzed.
• Erb palsy, or Erb-Duchenne paralysis, is one of the most common neurological birth injuries.
• It is caused by injury to the brachial plexus, which is formed from the ventral rami of cervical nerves 5 to 8 and thoracic nerve 1.
• The brachial plexus innervates all muscles of the upper limb except the trapezius
🔸Muscles involved are as follows:--
Erb's palsy or Duchenne-Erb paralysis involves the C5 and C6 roots of the brachial plexus. Palsy of C5 and C6 affects the strength of deltoid, biceps, brachialis, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and serratus anterior muscles.
🔸Signs and symptoms of Erb's palsy include:--
1) Paralysis or limpness of the shoulder, arm and elbow. You can't lift your arm away from your body or bend your elbow. Numbness or tingling in your arm or hand. These are also known as “burners and stingers.”A hand position known as 'the waiter's tip' position.
🔸Treatment options are as follows:--
• Treatment of Erb's palsy depends partly on how severe the injury is. Some cases resolve by themselves within three to four months. But, most likely, your healthcare provider will suggest that you do exercises and physical therapy with your baby from about the age of three weeks.• Daily physical therapy is the main treatment method for Erb's palsy.
SWIPE 🔜 for a visual representation and learn more about this different type of paralysis !

03/11/2023

💠DENTINOGENISIS IMPERFECTA is an inherited disorder of dentin formation, characterized by excessive formation of detective dentin, which results in obliteration of pulp chambers & root canals of the tooth.
🔸It is a dentin defect that affects both deciduous as well as permanent dentition & it usually exhibits an autosomal dominant mode of transmission.
🔸What are the clinical features❓
• It is an autosomal dominant condition affecting both deciduous and permanent teeth.
• Affected teeth appear grey to yellowish brown and have broad crowns with constriction of the cervical area resulting in a 'tulip' shape.
• Teeth in dentinogenesis imperfecta often exhibit severe abrasions The Dentino Enamel Junction (DEJ) is flat instead of scalloped & it causes poor locking between enamel and dentin; because of this tooth enamel is quickly lost from the dentin surfaces.
🔸What are the different types❓
The disease occurs in 3 forms :--
- Type 1
- Type 2
- Type 3
🔸Treatment options include: The treatment is mostly aimed at preventing excessive tooth attrition and improving esthetics of patients for eg. --> Metal & ceramic crowns are given In case of severe generalized attrition, complete denture prosthesis may be necessary.
SWIPE 🔜 to learn more about this condition and what it looks like on your teeth!
😷

03/10/2023

✨The Sweet Tooth Stories ✨

Episode 8: You will be numb if you act dumb.

Cue music by The Weekend 🎵

07/08/2023

💠Our last post was Barbie themed , how could we disappoint the Oppenheimer fans! Let us learn about OPERculum today!
🔹Another name for an operculum is a pericoronal flap. Typically, it occurs during the eruption of the back molar teeth. An operculum is a piece of gum tissue that stayon the tooth's biting surface after tooth eruption. Typically, after a tooth erupts into the mouth, it erupts high enough to break through the gum tissue, and the gum tissue surrounds the bottom portion of the tooth
🔹What to do? And what is Operculectomy?
If the operculum is mild and appears as though it will resolve on its own, the recommendation may be to keep it clean and reassess in several months. If the operculum is large and the molar won't be able to break through the tissue fully, the tissue may need to be remove and this procedure is called
Operculectomy.
🔹Operculectomy options and types :
• Surgical excision or ablation of the operculum via a wide variety of techniques: Scalpel.
• Excision using caustic agents, radiofrequency surgery, electrosurgery, cautery, CO2 laser, or hot-tip diode surgery.
• Soft-tissue laser surgery or Laser-Assisted Operculectomy.
🔹What are the complications❓
> It possible that the operculum may grow back and the operculectomy may need to be repeated. > > The Lingual Nerve (supplies sensation to the tongue) may be effected. This can result in a numb tongue as well as loss of taste on that side of the tongue; the numbness can last up several months.

🔹SWIPE 🔜 if you're an Oppenheimer fan and would also like to learn about Operculum and Operculectomy!

24/07/2023

💠 We have all heard about bone marrow transplants in so many conversations, but how many of us actually know what is bone marrow❓Read onn!!
🔹BONE MARROW, also called myeloid tissue, soft, gelatinous tissue that fills the cavities of the bones. Bone marrow is either red or yellow, depending upon the preponderance of hematopoietic (red) or fatty (yellow) tissue. Bone marrow contains cells that produce blood cells and platelets and it is responsible for making billions of new blood cells each day.
🔹What are the functions❓
• It is the blood cell 'factory'. Healthy bone marrow releases blood cells into the bloodstream when they are mature and when required. Without bone marrow, our bodies could not produce the white cells we need to fight infection, the red blood cells we need to carry oxygen, and the platelets we need to stop bleeding.
🔹What to eat❓
Eating protein, iron and B vitamins will help bone marrow do its job.
You can keep your bone marrow healthy by: Eating a diet rich in protein (lean meats, fish, beans, nuts, milk, eggs). Taking vitamins (iron, B9, B12).
🔹The different types are as follows:--
• There are two types of bone marrow in your body, which are characterized by their color. Your body holds just under 6 lbs. (about 2.5 kg.) of red and yellow bone marrow: red bone marrow (myeloid tissue) and yellow bone marrow (fatty tissue).
🔹SWIPE 🔜 for a pictorial representation and learn more about the topic in detail!

08/07/2023

💠Ever heard of a cement that has a strong chemical bond, simple technique, high fluoride release, easily distinguishable from the tooth surface- ALL in one⁉️Yes it's called Miracle mix for a reason.
🔹MIRACLE MIX is a silver alloy - glass ionomer cement developed for use as a core build-up and transitional restorative material for clinical situations where high radiopacity and a strong colour contrast is preferred.
🔹COMPOSITION is as follows:--
Miracle Mix is a crown and core build-up material that utilizes a unique, metal-reinforced formula of glass ionomer cement with 100% fine silver alloy powder. This composition makes Miracle Mix a reliable core material for long-lasting build-ups, block-outs, and repairs.
🔹What is the powder: liquid ratio❓
The recommended powder to liquid ratio is 2 or 3 level scoops of powder to 2 drops of liquid. For accurate dispensing of powder, lightly tap the bottle against the hand. Do not shake or invert.
🔹WORKING TIME AND SETTING TIME : • It sets rapidly in the mouth that is within 3-5 min and hardens to form a body having translucency that matches enamel.
🔹What are the benefits/advantages❓
• The integration of silver alloy with glass ionomer makes Miracle Mix a superior restorative with increased strength and durability. It is used for core build-up, restoration of primary teeth, temporary fillings, as base or liner and more.• Abrasion resistance improved.• Compressive strength and fracture resistant.
• Fluoride release is more.
🔹SWIPE 🔜 for a visual representation & to learn more about this type of rarely used high strength cement!

24/06/2023

✴️We have all had head injuries in childhood isn't it❓But did you know about a brain injury or CONCUSSIONS🤯⁉️
🔹A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning.
🔹The most common and least serious type of traumatic brain injury is called a concussion. The word comes from the Latin concutere, which means "to shake violently."
🔹Classification & Stages:--
The concussion grading system goes as follows:
Grade I, Grade II & Grade III
🔹What are the causes❓
--> A concussion is most often caused by a sudden direct blow or bump to the head. Motor vehicle accidents, falls, and sports injuries are common causes of concussions.
🔹Difference between a concussion & contusion:--
A contusion is another way to say bruise and is the bleeding on the brain due to localized trauma. A concussion refers to more widespread brain trauma from a blow to the head or swift shaking.
🔹Signs & symptoms:--
Effects are usually temporary but can include headaches and problems with concentration, memory, balance and coordination, headache or “pressure” in head.
🔹Treatment:--
▫️Exercise Therapy.
▫️Manual Therapy & Neck Injury Rehab.
▫️Diet & Nutritional Changes.
▫️Vision Therapy & Vestibular Therapy. Education.
▫️There's no specific cure for concussion. Rest and restricting activities allow the brain to recover. This means that one should temporarily reduce time spent on sports, video games, TV or too much socialising. Medication for headache pain, ondansetron & other anti-nausea medication can be used for symptoms.
🔹SWIPE 🔜 for a visual representation and learn more about the topic!

11/06/2023

💠 We have often heard the saying " Be comfortable in your own skin". But it is easier said than done. Today's topic is a long lasting sometimes life-long skin disease called PSORIASIS❗️
🔸Psoriasis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease in which the immune system becomes overactive, causing skin cells to multiply too quickly. Patches of skin become scaly and inflamed, most often on the scalp, elbows, or knees, but other parts of the body can be affected as well
🔸What are the causes❓
• The cause of psoriasis isn't fully understood. It's thought to be an immune system problem where infection-fighting cells attack healthy skin cells by mistake.
🔸Symptoms include:--
- Patches of thick, red skin with silvery-white scales that itch or burn, typically on the elbows, knees, scalp, trunk, palms, and soles of the feet.
- Dry, cracked skin that itches or bleeds.
Thick, ridged, pitted nails.
- An early sign of psoriasis is small bumps. The bumps grow, and scales form on top. The surface of the plaque might shed, but the scales beneath them will stick together. If you scratch your rash, the scales may tear away from your skin. Pain areas: in the joints
🔸Treatment options are as mentioned below:--
Steroid creams or ointments (topical corticosteroids) are commonly used to treat mild to moderate psoriasis in most areas of the body. The treatment works by reducing inflammation. This slows the production of skin cells and reduces itching. Topical corticosteroids range in strength from mild to very strong.
Medical procedure: Photodynamic therapy.
🔸SWIPE 🔜 for a visual representation of a rare autoimmune condition of the skin and keep learning!

03/06/2023

💠 Did you know that occlusal trauma can lead to numerous other oral health issues but also that excessive occlusal wear is avoidable❓Read on!
🔸What are occlusal facets❓
A flat polished area on the biting (occlusal or incisal) surface of a tooth produced by physiological or parafunctional contact of an opposing tooth or teeth.
🔸Tooth wear facets are characterized as flat, round or sharply angled and polished surfaces on the occlusal or incisal areas of the teeth
🔸What are the main causes❓
• It may be the result of excessive attrition of one tooth against the other.
• Abrasion and erosion can also contribute to the excessive wear of the occlusal and incisal surfaces.
• Frictional tooth wear alters the existing occlusal plane introducing deflective occlusal interferences.
🔸Treatment options include:--
--> Restorative procedures: Fillings or crowns to prevent further wear, decrease sensitivity, or improve aesthetics of worn dentition. For severe cases, the only treatment is a “full mouth rehab” – necessitating crowns for nearly every tooth.
🔸SWIPE 🔜for a pictorial repo and learn more about this type of occlusal trauma! If you found this helpful don't forget to like & share.

14/05/2023

💠Today's topic is about one of the most beautiful of the 5 sense- THE EYES 👀
🔸CATARACT 👁️is a medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision.
🔸What are the causes❓
Most cataracts happen because of normal changes in your eyes as you get older. When you're young, the lens in your eye is clear. Around age 40, the proteins in the lens of your eye start to break down and clump together. This clump makes a cloudy area on your lens — known as a cataract.
🔸Prevention is as follows:--
Many people develop cataracts as they get older, but there are ways to reduce your risk. Limit your exposure to UV light, avoid smoking and alcohol, and increase your intake of yellow or dark-green leafy vegetables. Make sure to get plenty of omega-3s and consider taking bilberry or turmeric supplements.
🔸What are the types of cataract❓
Common Types of Cataracts: Age related is by far the most common type of cataract and it is divided into 3 types based on the anatomy of the human lens. There are Nuclear Sclerotic, Cortical and Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts.
🔸Treatment options are as below:---
• Glasses
• Surgical removal
• Surgical techniques like intracapsular, extracapsular and phacoemulsification methods.
🔸SWIPE 🔜for a visual representation and learn more about this fascinating topic!

11/05/2023