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22/04/2023

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries are common knee injuries that occur when the ACL, which is one of the four major ligaments in the knee, is damaged or torn.

The ACL is responsible for stabilizing the knee joint, and an injury to this ligament can lead to pain, swelling, and instability in the knee.

ACL injuries often occur during activities that involve sudden stops or changes in direction, such as jumping, landing, pivoting, or twisting.

Athletes who play sports that involve these types of movements, such as soccer, basketball, and football, are at a higher risk of sustaining an ACL injury.

Symptoms of an ACL injury can include a popping sound or sensation at the time of the injury, pain and swelling in the knee, instability or a feeling of giving way in the knee, and difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected leg.

Treatment for an ACL injury may involve rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) to reduce pain and swelling.

Physical therapy may also be recommended to help restore range of motion, strength, and stability in the knee.

In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or reconstruct the ACL, especially for athletes who wish to return to high-level sports participation

ACL Rehabilitation

Creating a Plan:

👨‍⚕️As a physiotherapist, you have a role in guiding your patient through a long-term rehabilitation plan.

🏋️Setting up milestones and goals depends on your patient's needs and aspired function.

♿Predicting outcomes and time-frames, using your clinical experience and clinical reasoning skills, for each goal is also part of your role.

The ACL rehabilitation plan has 9 Phases:

1️⃣ROM:

Aiming to maintain available range and facilitate regaining of full ROM. At this phase you should also manage effusion and inflammation and achieve knee terminal extension. This stage starts immediately after surgery and lasts up to the 6th week.

2️⃣Increase Weight Bearing tolerance gradually:

Depending on the complexity of the injury:

✴️A single ACL injury :
Itrequires 2 weeks of partial weight bearing, then the patient is allowed full weight bearing.

✴️ACL injury combined with other:
ACL injury combined with meniscus and/or chondral injury would take up to 6 weeks to full weight bearing. In this case, we need to increase the tolerance gradually

3️⃣Building muscular endurance:

This also depends on the joint pathology and may take up to 8 weeks. So this goal is expected to be achieved between the 10-18th week of rehabilitation.

4️⃣Developing strength:

Research shows weakness in hip, knee and ankle muscles following ACL injury with knee flexor and extensor weakness persisting for longer periods after surgery. Expected regaining of strength between 19-26th week.

5️⃣Muscular power:

Time frame around 27-32th week.

6️⃣Building running tolerance:

Not all sports demand the same volume of running.Depending on the athletic's needs, start a designed running program on the 27th week over a 4-6 weeks period.

7️⃣Speed and agility training:

At week 32, introduce uni-directional drill training for a week then progress to multi-directional training.

8️⃣Return to training:

Expected around week 35.

9️⃣Return to play:

Around week 38.

08/09/2022

HAPPY WORLD PHYSIOTHERAPY DAY TO ALL

A 'DOCTOR' SAVES LIFE ,A "PHYSIOTHERAPIST" MAKES THAT LIFE WORTH LIVING.

Proud to be physiotherapist

18/11/2021

PARKINSON'S DISEASE
A disorder of the central nervous system that affects movement, often including tremors.
Nerve cell damage in the brain causes dopamine levels to drop, leading to the symptoms of Parkinson's.

People may experience:
Tremor: can occur at rest, in the hands, limbs, or can be postural
Muscular: stiff muscles, difficulty standing, difficulty walking, difficulty with bodily movements, involuntary movements, muscle rigidity, problems with coordination, rhythmic muscle contractions, slow bodily movement, or slow shuffling gait
Sleep: early awakening, nightmares, restless sleep, or sleep disturbances
Whole body: fatigue, dizziness, poor balance, or restlessness
Cognitive: amnesia, confusion in the evening hours, dementia, or difficulty thinking and understanding
Speech: difficulty speaking, soft speech, or voice box spasms
Nasal: distorted sense of smell or loss of smell
Urinary: dribbling of urine or leaking of urine
Mood: anxiety or apathy
Facial: jaw stiffness or reduced facial expression
Also common: blank stare, constipation, depression, difficulty swallowing, drooling, falling, fear of falling, loss in contrast sensitivity, neck tightness, small handwriting, trembling, unintentional writhing, or weight loss.

The 5 Stages of Parkinson's
uncontrollable shaking and tremors.
slowed movement (bradykinesia)
balance difficulties and eventual problems standing up.
stiffness in limbs.

How to Diagnose
Parkinson's Research, patients usually begin developing Parkinson's symptoms around age 60 and many live between 10 and 20 years after being diagnosed.

Causes
Parkinson’s disease is a neurological disorder that develops when changes occur in the brain. Precisely why it happens is unclear, but scientists have identified some variations that occur.

Low dopamine levels
Parkinson’s disease symptoms mainly result from low or falling levels of dopamineTrusted Source, a neurotransmitter. It happens when cells that produce dopamine die in the brain.

Dopamine plays a role in sending messages to the part of the brain that controls movement and coordination. Therefore, low dopamine levels can make it harder for people to control their movement.

As dopamine levels continue to fall, symptoms gradually become more severe.

Low norepinephrine levels
Parkinson’s disease may also involveTrusted Source damage to the nerve endings that produce another neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, which contributes to blood circulation and other automatic body functions.

Low levels of norepinephrine in Parkinson’s disease may increase the risk of both motor and nonmotor symptoms, such as:

stiffness and rigidity
postural instability
tremor
anxiety
difficulty focusing
dementia
depression
This may explainTrusted Source why people with Parkinson’s disease commonly experience orthostatic hypotension. This refers to when a person’s blood pressure changes when they stand up, leading to lightheadedness and a risk of falling.
-Autoimmune factors
- genetic factor

In patients with Parkinson's disease, physical therapy focuses on many functions such as transfer, posture, balance improvement and fall prevention, gait, upper limb functions, and physical capacity (including cardiorespiratory capacity) essential to carry out activities of daily life.
Globus pallidus internus: Improvement of motor symptoms in general
Pedunculopontine nucleus: Gait instability
Subthalamic nucleus: Disabling motor symptoms

08/09/2021

Proud to be a Physiotherapist..
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08/03/2021

# HAPPY WOMEN'S DAY.. # # #....