Doctor

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Forearm muscle supply

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Head and Neck Anatomy

06/12/2025

Superficial Muscles of the Upper Body 📖🔍
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▪️ Understanding the superficial muscles of the upper body is essential for any medical and sports professional.
▪️ These muscles lie close to the skin and are responsible for major movements of the shoulders, arms, chest, and back.
▪️ They also play a vital role in posture, stabilization, and functional performance.
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1) Trapezius :
- Location : Upper back and neck .
- Function : Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; helps extend the neck.
- Note : Crucial for posture and scapular stabilization.
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2) Latissimus Dorsi :
- Location : Mid to lower back, extending to the upper arm
- Function : Extends, adducts, and internally rotates the arm; supports pulling movements.
- Note : Known as the “lats,” important for pulling strength.
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3) Pectoralis Major :
- Location : Front of the chest .
- Function : Flexes, adducts, and internally rotates the arm.
- Note : Main pushing muscle of the chest.
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4) Deltoid :
- Location : Shoulder .
- Function : Abducts the arm; anterior fibers flex and internally rotate; posterior fibers extend and externally rotate.
- Note : Gives the shoulder its rounded shape.
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5) Biceps Brachii :
- Location : Front of the upper arm .
- Function : Flexes the elbow and supinates the forearm.
- Note : Frequently trained in upper body workouts.
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6) Triceps Brachii :
- Location : Back of the upper arm .
- Function : Extends the elbow joint; assists in shoulder extension.
- Note : The main opposing muscle to the biceps; essential for pushing movements .
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7) Brachialis :
- Location : Deep to the biceps brachii .
- Function : Primary flexor of the elbow joint.
- Note : Important for arm strength.
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8 ) Brachioradialis :
- Location : Lateral side of the forearm .
- Function : Flexes the elbow, especially in a neutral grip ( when your palm is facing inward (like a handshake position).
- Note : Supports grip and forearm stability.
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9) Flexor & Extensor Muscles of the Forearm :
- Location : Anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm.
- Function : Control wrist and finger movements, including flexion, extension, pronation, and supination.
- Note : Essential for grip strength, functional hand use, and wrist stability.
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10) Serratus Anterior :
- Location : Lateral chest wall, attached to ribs .
- Function : Protracts and stabilizes the scapula against the rib cage.
- Note : Known as the “boxer’s muscle.”
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13/11/2025

Hip Muscles Anatomy - Anatomy
A variety of hip muscles surround the hip joint, and act to accelerate, decelerate, and stabilize the hip joint.

11/11/2025

07/11/2025

Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI), It is a quantitative measurement of the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus in the uterus, assessed using ultrasound.

24/10/2025

Injection Techniques

19/10/2025

🫁 Respiratory Disorders

🔴 Respiratory Acidosis

Cause: CO₂ retention (↓ breathing)
Examples: COPD, asthma, sedation, CNS depressants
Effect: ↑CO₂ → ↓pH → Acidic

🔵 Respiratory Alkalosis

Cause: CO₂ loss (↑ breathing)
Examples: Hyperventilation, panic, anxiety
Effect: ↓CO₂ → ↑pH → Alkaline

🧬 Metabolic Disorders

🔴 Metabolic Acidosis

Cause: ↑ acid or ↓ bicarbonate
Examples: Diarrhea, renal failure, DKA
Effect: ↑H⁺ & ↓HCO₃⁻ → Acidic

🔵 Metabolic Alkalosis

Cause: ↓ acid or ↑ bicarbonate
Examples: Vomiting, NG suction, antacids
Effect: ↓H⁺ & ↑HCO₃⁻ → Alkaline

16/10/2025

THE HUMAN BODY: ...

1: Number of bones: 206
2: Number of muscles: 639
3: Number of kidneys: 2
4: Number of milk teeth: 20
5: Number of ribs: 24 (12 pair)
6: Heart chamber number: 4
7: Largest artery: Aorta
8: Normal blood pressure: 120/80 Mmhg
9: Blood Ph: 7.4
10: Number of vertebrae in spinal column: 33
11: Number of vertebrae in the neck: 7
12: Number of bones in middle ear: 6
13: Number of bones in face: 14
14: Number of bones in skull: 22
15: Number of bones in chest: 25
16: Number of bones in arms: 6
17: Number of muscles in the human arm: 72
18: Number of pumps in the heart: 2
19: Largest organ: Skin
20: Largest gland: Liver
21: Largest cell: female o**m
22: Smallest cell: S***m
23: Smallest bone: Stapes middle ear
24: First transplanted organ: Kidney
25: Average length of small intestine: 7m
26: Average length of large intestine: 1.5 m
27: Average weight of newborn baby: 3 kg
28: Pulse rate in one minute: 72 times
29: Normal body temperature: 37 C ° (98.4 f °)
30: Average blood volume: 4 to 5 LITERS
31: LIFETIME Red blood cells: 120 days
32: LIFETIME White blood cells: 10 to 15 days
33: Pregnancy period: 280 days (40 weeks)
34: Number of bones in human foot: 26
35: Number of bones in each wrist: 8
36: Number of bones in hand: 27
37: Largest endocrine gland: Thyroid
38: Largest lymphatic organ: Spleen
40: Largest and strongest bone: Femur
41: Smallest muscle: Stapedius (middle ear)
41: Chromosome number: 46 (23 pair)
42: Number of newborn baby bones: 306
43: Blood viscosity: 4.5 to 5.5
44: Universal donor blood group: O
45: Universal recipient blood group: AB
46: Largest white blood cell: Monocyte
47: Smallest white blood cell: Lymphocyte
48: The increased red blood cell count is called: Polycythemia
49: Blood bank in the body is: Spleen
50: River of Life is called: Blood
51: Normal blood cholesterol level: 100 mg / dl
52: Fluid part of blood is: Plasma

14/10/2025

Endocarditis

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Heart block