Afya Life Medical Centre

30/11/2025

Clindamycin is an antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections, especially those caused by anaerobic bacteria (germs that thrive without oxygen) and some resistant strains. It’s effective against skin, lung, blood and abdominal infections.

Uses:
- Treats acne (topical gel/cream), strep throat, dental infections, and severe respiratory infections.
- Prevents infections in surgeries or after injuries.
- Used for conditions like pelvic inflammatory disease or bone infections.

How it works:
- Stops bacteria from making proteins, weakening and killing the germs.

Side Effects:
- Common: Nausea, diarrhea, rash, itching.
- Serious: Severe diarrhea (C. difficile infection), liver issues, allergic reactions.
- Warning: May cause life-threatening colitis (inflammation of the colon).

Precautions:
- Take with food to reduce stomach upset (if oral capsules).
- Finish the full course, even if symptoms improve.
- Not for viral infections (e.g., flu, COVID-19).
- Tell your doctor about allergies or other medications.
- Use with caution in pregnancy or breastfeeding.

FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES

26/11/2025

Doxycycline is a tetracycline antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It works by stopping bacteria from growing and multiplying.

Common uses:
- Acne (moderate to severe)
- Respiratory infections (pneumonia, bronchitis, etc)
- Urinary tract infections
- Sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis)
- Malaria prevention (in some regions)
- Rosacea and certain tick-borne diseases (e.g., Lyme disease)

How it Works:
Doxycycline inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria, preventing their growth and spread.

Side Effects:
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- Sun sensitivity (avoid prolonged sun exposure)
- Tooth discoloration (in children

16/11/2025

Haemorrhoids

1. Definition

Haemorrhoids are swollen and inflamed veins in the a**l ca**l.
They can be:
• Internal haemorrhoids – above dentate line
• External haemorrhoids – below dentate line
• Thrombosed external haemorrhoids – painful clot inside an external haemorrhoid

2. Symptoms (Easy to Remember)

Internal
• Painless bright-red bleeding
• Mucus discharge
• Feeling of incomplete evacuation
• Prolapse (may reduce spontaneously or need manual reduction)

External
• Painful swelling at a**l verge
• Itching/irritation
• If thrombosed: sudden severe pain + bluish lump

3. Diagnosis

Mainly clinical (inspection + digital re**al exam + anoscopy).

Tests to rule out other causes of bleeding:
• CBC (if heavy bleeding)
• Colonoscopy for red flags (age >40, weight loss, anemia, family history of colore**al cancer)

4. Differential Diagnosis

Always think of other causes of re**al bleeding:
• A**l fissure (painful bleeding)
• Re**al prolapse
• Colore**al cancer
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Diverticular bleeding
• Polyps
• Peria**l abscess

5. Treatment (Step-Wise & Easy)

A. Conservative (First-line)
• High-fiber diet + fiber supplements
• Plenty of water
• Avoid straining
• Sitz baths (warm water sitting)
• Topical treatments (hydrocortisone, lidocaine)
• Stool softeners

B. Office Procedures (If persistent symptoms)
• Rubber band ligation (best for internal)
• Sclerotherapy
• Infrared coagulation

C. Surgical (Severe/Grade IV or thrombosed external)
• Haemorrhoidectomy
• Stapled haemorrhoidopexy (for prolapsing internal haemorrhoids)
• For thrombosed external haemorrhoids: excision within 72 hours relieves pain quickly.

6. Follow-Up
• Reassess in 4–6 weeks after lifestyle and medical therapy
• After procedures, follow-up to check healing and recurrence
• Educate on long-term fiber intake to prevent recurrence
• Evaluate for other causes of bleeding if symptoms persist.

04/11/2025

𝗨𝗧𝗜𝘀 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝘂𝘀 𝗦𝗧𝗜𝘀: 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗶𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲?
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are common infections. Symptoms may be similar and both may occur simultaneously.

𝗖𝗮𝘂𝘀𝗲𝘀
𝐔𝐓𝐈: 𝑩𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂 from the area around the a**l region contaminate the vaginal opening or p***s. They enter the urethra and ascend into the bladder. Patient factors (e.g. immunity status) or conditions that obstruct the flow of urine (like stones, prostate enlargement) are important predisposing factors. UTIs occur more commonly in females.

𝐒𝐓𝐈: Caused by 𝒃𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂, 𝒗𝒊𝒓𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒓 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆𝒔 transmitted through s*xual contact (e.g., Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Herpes, Trichomonas).

𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝘁𝗼𝗺𝘀
UTI:
• Frequent urge to urinate
• Pain or burning sensation during urination
• Cloudy or strong-smelling urine
• Lower abdominal pain

STI: (may vary by type of infection):
• Discharge from the ge****ls
• Pain during in*******se or urination
• Sores or growths (lesions) in the ge***al area
• Some STIs, like chlamydia, may show no symptoms initially.

𝗗𝗶𝗮𝗴𝗻𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘀

𝑼𝑻𝑰: mainly through urine tests (urinalysis or urine culture).

𝑺𝑻𝑰: Specific tests depending on the suspected infection (swabs, blood tests or urine tests)

𝗧𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁

UTI: Typically treated with a course of antibiotics.

STI: Treated based on the cause of the infection (antibiotics, antiviral).

𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
𝑼𝑻𝑰 𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: Good hydration, proper hygiene and avoiding certain irritants.

𝑺𝑻𝑰 𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: Safe s*x practices (like condom use), regular screenings.
𝑵𝑩: 𝑴𝒂𝒍𝒆 𝒄𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒖𝒎𝒄𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒑𝒑𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒔 𝒕𝒐 𝒓𝒆𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒆 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒌 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒄𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒔𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑺𝑻𝑰𝒔 (𝑯𝑷𝑽, 𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒑𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒆𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚 𝑯𝑰𝑽) 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒌 𝒅𝒆𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝒃𝒚 50% 𝒕𝒐 60%.

𝐃𝐨 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐢𝐠𝐧𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧. 𝐄𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐲 𝐝𝐢𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐚𝐯𝐨𝐢𝐝 𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬!
#𝐔𝐓𝐈
#𝐒𝐓𝐈

20/10/2024

ECG LEAD PLACEMENT

08/10/2024

Happy Customer Service Week! Thank you for your continued trust in us, we value you.

www.afyalifehealthcare.or.ke

04/10/2024

29/03/2024

Afya Life Medical Centre wishes you and your loved ones a Happy Easter.

And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again.

2Corinthians 5:15

29/02/2024

.SNAKE🐍BITE FiRST AiDS.

=>All snakes are not poisonious or not all bites are venomous
NEW TREDITIONAL METHORD

=clean the bite site with water
=immobalized the limb not very tight should let one finger aim of the bandege is to block superficial lymphatics not to block blood flow.
OLD TREDITIONAL METHORD
Old treditional methord more harmful than benifit beacuse in old tredition methord terniquet used just above the bite and to stop blood flow this methor is very harm beacause when you open the terniquet that time the venom very repidly distributed in the body
=Turniquet
=cutting wound
=squeezing wound
=sucking poison out of wound.

NOTE.
What if pateint already applied terniquet?
At this inflate the BP CUFF tightly just above the terniquet than open the terniquet and deflated BP CUFF slowely.

=Pateint shift to hospital monitor vital ABC approachBPPuls tempraturesingle breath count take brief historypass iv linetake blood sample for CBC bleeding profile ( PT ,aPTT )urin a**lysisRFTLFTCPK level

=commomly fount snakes
1)NEUROTOXIC SNKESCobra🐍krate
=neurotoxic snakes cause severe pain and paralysis of body fist sign PTOSIS/DIPLOPIA
= most life threatning and feared effect and respiratory paralysis or arrest.
2)HEMOTOXIC SNAKESrussels viperpit vipersaw scaled viper
=Hemotoxic snakes /bleeding/hemorrhage/coagulopathy
=first sign bleeding from fang marks/iv line/ blood in urin/conjuctival hemorrhage
=late sign bleeding from gum/blood in stool/ epistaxis.
= russels viper renal failure within hours oligourea /hyperkalemia/dialysis.

=Local examinationFang markes ,thrubbing burning sensation at bite site,erthma swelling ,blister

=Systemic examinationbleeding from wound /mouthpetosis,diplopia,facial weakneslymphodenopathylook for sign of respiratory failurcomparment syndrom.

= if pateint is in shock treat itDecision of anti snakes venom administratiomgive anti snake venom

NOTE
How ti administer POLYVALENT Anti venom?
50ml of anti snake venome diluted into 500/1000 ml of NS/or dextrose water slow iv infusionMay give anti histamin before it..adrenalin /hydrocortison should be at handif pateint develop anaphylactic shock than stop anti snake venom infusion and give adrenalin ,antihistamin ,hydrocortison
After that restored infusion slowely.tatnus prophylaxisprophylaxis antibiotickeep pateint under the observation for 24hrs.

=Neurotoxic sign symptomsAtropin 6mg adultchildren 50micgm/kgNeostigmen 0.02mg/kg adultventilation

27/02/2024

Heartburn is very common -- and very unpleasant. Here are a few simple -- and natural -- home remedies that may help soothe your heartburn pain:
1. Keep a food diary
2. No food 2-3hrs before bedtime
3. Take smaller bites
4. Lose weight
5. Toss the ci******es
6. Put wood blocks under your bed to raise the head about 6 inches
7. Loosen your belt.