16/06/2024
Understanding Rheumatism: What You Need to Know
Rheumatism, particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the joints. Unlike osteoarthritis, which results from wear-and-tear, RA is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the joints. This causes painful swelling, joint damage, and can affect other organs like the heart, lungs, and eyes.
Key Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Joint Pain and Swelling: RA commonly starts in smaller joints like those in your hands and feet. The inflammation can lead to severe pain and swelling.
- Morning Stiffness: This stiffness can last for hours or even all day, unlike osteoarthritis, where stiffness typically improves with movement.
- Joint Deformity: Over time, RA can cause joint deformity, particularly in the hands and feet.
- Fatigue: Chronic inflammation can lead to a general feeling of tiredness and lack of energy.
Complications of Rheumatoid Arthritis
RA can lead to several serious complications:
- Osteoporosis: Both RA and some of its treatments can increase the risk of osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones.
- Heart Problems: RA raises the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes.
- Lung Disease: RA may cause inflammation and scarring of lung tissues, leading to progressive lung disease.
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Inflammation in the wrists can compress nerves, causing this painful condition.
Importance of Early Treatment
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing RA. Medications can help slow the disease's progression and alleviate symptoms. Without treatment, RA can lead to severe joint damage and a decrease in life expectancy.
Lifestyle and Management Tips
- Exercise: Engaging in regular, low-impact exercises like swimming, walking, and biking can help maintain joint flexibility and reduce pain.
- Healthy Diet: A balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods can support overall health and manage symptoms.
- Medical Care: Regular check-ups with a rheumatologist can help monitor the disease and adjust treatments as necessary.
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