វេជ្ជសាស្ត្រខ្មែរ

22/08/2025

"ការសន្សំប្រាក់ គឺជាទម្លាប់ដ៏ល្អមួយដែលនាំមកនូវសេរីភាពហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ និងភាពស្ងប់ស្ងាត់ក្នុងចិត្ត។ ចាប់ផ្តើមពីតិចតួច ហើយបន្តធ្វើវាឱ្យបានទៀងទាត់។"

21/08/2025

21/08/2025

Immune-related colitis treatment after cancer immunotherapy

A significant fraction of patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) develop immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

ICI-colitis can be fatal if not treated in a timely manne r. ICI-mediated colitis is driven by the activation of intestinal CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM cells), activated T helper 1 cells (Th1 cells), and proinflammatory myeloid cells.

Biomarkers for ICI-colitis diagnosis and therapy response are needed and may include inflammatory cytokines and f***l calprotectin.

Immunosuppressive therapies are limited for patients refractory to corticosteroids and second-line immunosuppression.

Novel immunomodulatory therapies should resolve inflammation in the target organs, without comprising antitumor immunity. F***l microbiome transplantation (FMT) or extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) may effectively target ICI-colitis, while not affecting antitumor immunity.

https://www.cell.com/trends/cancer/fulltext/S2405-8033(25)00174-8
https://sciencemission.com/immune-related-colitis

21/08/2025

is defined as infection, inflammation, or pain of the prostate gland and affects approximately 9.3% of men in their lifetime.

Prostatitis includes acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, and CP/CPPS, each of which is diagnosed and treated differently.

First-line treatments are broad-spectrum antibiotics for acute bacterial prostatitis (such as piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftriaxone, or ciprofloxacin), at least 4 weeks of fluoroquinolones for chronic bacterial prostatitis, and α-blockers for CP/CPPS with urinary symptoms.

📌 This Review summarizes current evidence on the evaluation and management of acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

⬇️ Link in the comments.

21/08/2025

ពិធីបំបួសនិស្សិត សកលវិទ្យាល័យអង្គរ

21/08/2025

កុំសូវខំផឹកពេក ឆាប់ខូចថ្លើម រលាកថ្លើម ក្រិនថ្លើមថ្ងៃមុខ

13/08/2025

No FDA-approved vaccine exists for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which causes infectious mononucleosis, commonly known as mono, and is associated with multiple autoimmune diseases and several types of cancer. NIH has launched a clinical trial of a new vaccine candidate designed to prevent EBV infection. The vaccine aims to produce antibodies to protect certain types of cells from becoming infected, including those that line the throat. This is important because EBV is usually transmitted by infected saliva that enters the throat of an uninfected person. The study team is conducting the trial at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. Learn more: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06908096

13/08/2025

ត្រូវ ណាស់

13/08/2025

13/08/2025

Interrelation of Gallbladder Diseases

💡 “Stones, Swell, Scar, Spread”
1. Stones – Gallstones form from cholesterol/bile salts → block bile flow.
2. Swell – Blockage causes swelling/inflammation (cholecystitis).
3. Scar – Chronic inflammation damages the wall → ulcers, poor blood flow, gangrene.
4. Spread – Long-term irritation can lead to infection or rarely cancer.
👇👇

1. Gallstones
• Hardened deposits (usually cholesterol) in the gallbladder.
• Can block bile flow, press on the gallbladder wall, and reduce blood supply.
• Lead to inflammation (cholecystitis) or ulcers in the wall.
2. Inflammation (Cholecystitis)
• Often caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct.
• Can also occur without stones (acalculous cholecystitis) due to poor blood supply, infection, or chemical irritation from bile.
• Chronic inflammation can cause long-term damage and scarring.
3. Chemical Factors
• Excess cholesterol or bile salts can irritate the gallbladder wall and contribute to stone formation.
4. Bacteria
• Rarely the main cause but can worsen inflammation.
• Can infect the gallbladder after bile stagnates.
5. Pancreatic Reflux
• Leakage of pancreatic enzymes into the gallbladder (rare) can cause chemical injury.

Complications
• Decubital Ulcer – Pressure sores inside the gallbladder from large stones.
• Vascular Obstruction – Reduced blood supply to the gallbladder wall, causing ischemia.
• Gangrene – Death of gallbladder tissue from lack of blood flow.
• Carcinoma – Rare; long-term inflammation and irritation can lead to gallbladder cancer.
• Secondary Infection – Ulcers or damaged areas can become infected.

They Interconnect
• Gallstones → block bile flow → inflammation → ulcers or gangrene.
• Chronic inflammation → changes in bile → more gallstones form.
• Both gallstones and chronic inflammation → small risk of carcinoma.
• Any one of these problems can trigger the others, creating a cycle.

13/08/2025

🧪 ⚗️ Urinalysis

# # What is Urinalysis?
Urinalysis is a common test that analyzes urine to detect and manage various health conditions. It checks for abnormalities, signs of infection, or other indicators of disease.

# # Components of Urinalysis
1. Physical Examination: Looks at urine color, clarity, and concentration (specific gravity).
2. Chemical Examination: Uses dipsticks to test for substances like:
- pH: Urine acidity.
- Protein: High levels may indicate kidney damage.
- Glucose: Presence could suggest diabetes.
- Ketones: May indicate diabetes or fasting.
- Blood: Could signal infection, stones, or injury.
3. Microscopic Examination: Checks for cells, crystals, bacteria, or other elements like:
- Red blood cells: Possible kidney or urinary tract issues.
- White blood cells: May indicate infection.
- Bacteria: Suggests urinary tract infection.

Uses of Urinalysis
- Diagnose urinary tract infections (UTIs): Detects bacteria or white blood cells.
- Check kidney function: Looks for protein or blood.
- Monitor diabetes: Checks for glucose or ketones.
- Detect substance use: Some tests check
for drugs.
Credit:
#សុខភាពគ្រួសារ