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Mayo clinic physiotherapy rehabilitation, Sri Lanka, Nugegoda (2025)

08/07/2023

Hip replacement surgery (THR) , also known as total hip arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure that involves replacing a damaged or diseased hip joint with an artificial joint, called a prosthesis. The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint where the head of the femur (thigh bone) fits into the acetabulum (socket) of the pelvis.

Hip replacement surgery is typically recommended for individuals with severe hip pain and disability caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, hip fractures, or other hip joint disorders.

The surgery aims to relieve pain, improve mobility, and enhance the overall quality of life for the patient. During the procedure, the surgeon makes an incision along the side of the hip to access the joint. The damaged cartilage and bone are then removed, and the femoral head is replaced with a metal or ceramic ball component.
The acetabulum is prepared by removing the damaged surface and lining it with a metal socket component. These components are usually fixed in place using a combination of bone cement or by relying on the natural bone's ability to grow and bond with the implant over time.

The type of prosthesis used can vary depending on factors such as the patient's age, activity level, and the surgeon's preference. After the surgery, the patient undergoes a period of rehabilitation to regain strength and mobility.

Physical therapy exercises and techniques are employed to help the patient gradually resume normal activities and optimise the function of the new hip joint.

However, it is important for patients to follow their surgeon's instructions for postoperative care and rehabilitation to achieve the best possible outcome.

21/05/2023

Hip arthritis, also known as osteoarthritis of the hip, is a degenerative joint disease that affects the hip joint. It is characterized by the progressive breakdown of the articular cartilage, changes in the underlying bone, and inflammation of the joint. The pathology of hip arthritis involves several key aspects:

Articular Cartilage Degeneration:
The articular cartilage covers the surfaces of the hip joint, allowing smooth and frictionless movement. In hip arthritis, the cartilage gradually becomes thin, rough, and irregular. As a result, the protective cushioning between the bones is diminished, leading to increased friction and wear.

Subchondral Bone Changes:
The subchondral bone undergoes remodeling in response to the cartilage degeneration. These changes can contribute to pain and stiffness in the affected joint.

Osteophyte formation :
Bony outgrowths that develop along the edges of the joint surfaces. In hip arthritis, osteophytes may form around the femoral head or the acetabulum. These bony growths can restrict joint movement and cause pain.

Synovial inflammation :
The inflamed synovium produces excess synovial fluid, causing joint swelling and pain.

Joint Stiffness and Muscle Weakness:
The surrounding muscles may lose strength and atrophy due to pain and limited mobility. This further contributes to functional limitations and difficulties with daily activities.

Secondary Changes:
Ligamentous laxity
Joint capsule thickening
Muscle contractures
Joint instability and further impair joint function.

It's important to note that the specific pathology and severity of hip arthritis can vary among individuals. Factors such as age, genetics, previous injuries, and lifestyle factors can influence the progression and manifestation of the disease. Diagnosis and treatment of hip arthritis are typically performed by healthcare professionals, including orthopedic specialists or rheumatologists, who consider clinical symptoms, physical examination findings, and imaging studies to guide management decisions.

01/04/2023

Tech neck, also known as "text neck," is a term used to describe the strain on the neck and spine caused by looking down at electronic devices for extended periods of time. The condition has become increasingly prevalent as our use of technology continues to increase.

A study published in the Journal of Physical Therapy Science examined the impact of smartphone use on the posture of young adults. The study found that prolonged smartphone use resulted in a forward head posture and increased thoracic kyphosis (a rounding of the upper back). These changes in posture can lead to a range of issues, including

🔸️Stiff neck
🔸️Muscle weakness and back pain
🔸️Headaches
🔸️Compression of the spinal disks
🔸️Reduced lung capacity.

At a 60 degree inclination, the spine must support about 27kg of weight.
It is the same as wearing 8 year old around your neck.
This puts unnecessary pressure on muscles, ligaments and tendons, causing neck pain. The disk and joints may be impact by this.
So, what can be done to prevent tech neck?

🔸️Taking breaks from technology use every 20-30 minutes to stretch and move around.

🔸️Additionally, adjusting the position of electronic devices can help prevent neck strain.

🔸️Keeping devices at eye level, using a stand or holder, and avoiding long periods of device use can also help prevent tech neck.

In conclusion, the increasing use of electronic devices has led to an increase in tech neck. The condition can cause a range of issues, including neck and back pain, headaches, and reduced lung capacity. However, taking breaks from technology use, adjusting device positioning, and maintaining good posture can help prevent tech neck. As we continue to rely on technology, it is important to be aware of the impact it can have on our physical health and take steps to mitigate its negative effects.

19/03/2023

While there is no cure for knee osteoarthritis, lifestyle modifications can help manage the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Some of the key lifestyle modifications for knee osteoarthritis include:

Exercise: Low-impact exercises such as walking, swimming, and cycling can help improve joint flexibility and strength, reduce pain, and improve overall physical function.

Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the load on the knee joint, which can in turn reduce pain and improve joint function.

Diet: Eating a balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein can help promote overall health and support healthy joints.

Heat and cold therapy: Applying heat or cold to the affected joint can help reduce pain and stiffness. Heat therapy can help increase blood flow to the joint, while cold therapy can help reduce pain.

Assistive devices: The use of assistive devices such as braces, canes, and shoe inserts can help reduce stress on the knee joint and improve stability and balance.

Avoiding high-impact activities: Activities that place a lot of stress on the knee joint, such as running and jumping, should be avoided or minimized to reduce the risk of further joint damage.

This is the third post on our osteoarthritis series.

Osteoarthritis post 01-

https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=101482492888351&id=100090798002306&mibextid=Nif5oz

Osteoarthritis post 02-

https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=108409778862289&id=100090798002306&mibextid=Nif5oz

Image credits

Image by pikisuperstar on Freepik

Image by vectorjuice on Freepik

Image by Freepik

Image by upklyak on Freepik

Image by Freepik

15/03/2023

Knee hemi arthroplasty, also known as partial knee replacement, is a surgical procedure that involves replacing only one part of the knee joint with an artificial implant.
The benefits of knee hemi arthroplasty surgery include smaller incisions, less blood loss, and a faster recovery time compared to total knee replacement surgery.
As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with knee hemi arthroplasty, such as infection, blood clots, and nerve damage. Patients should discuss the benefits and risks of this procedure with their healthcare provider to determine if it is the right choice for them.

08/03/2023

Tibial valgus osteotomy is usually indicated in patients with genu varum, a condition where the knees are angled outwards. And the aim of the surgery to relieve the pain caused by the damage to the medial compartment of the knee and to slow down the onset of osteoarthritis. The indications for knee varus osteotomy include:

🔹Knee pain: Patients with genu varum may experience knee pain due to the uneven distribution of weight across the knee joint.

🔹Instability: Genu varum can cause instability of the knee joint, leading to falls and injuries.

🔹Failed conservative treatment: Patients who have failed to respond to non-surgical treatments such as physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and corticosteroid injections may be candidates for knee varus osteotomy.

🔹Young, active patients: Knee varus osteotomy may be recommended for young, active patients with genu varum to prevent future knee problems and improve function.

It is important to note that knee varus osteotomy is not suitable for everyone and the decision to undergo the procedure should be made in consultation with a qualified orthopedic surgeon.

05/03/2023

This is the second post in our osteoarthritis series. It's important to know if you are suffering from these complications and then seek medical attention to prevent them.

Knee osteoarthritis can cause a range of long-term complications. Some of the most common complications of knee osteoarthritis include:

🔹Chronic pain: Knee osteoarthritis is often associated with chronic pain, which can significantly impact quality of life.

🔹Mobility limitations: As the disease progresses, knee osteoarthritis can lead to mobility limitations, such as difficulty walking or climbing stairs.

🔹Muscle weakness: Knee osteoarthritis can cause muscle weakness, particularly in the quadriceps muscles, which can further limit mobility and increase the risk of falls.

🔹Joint deformity: In some cases, knee osteoarthritis can cause joint deformity, such as bowing of the leg, which can affect gait and balance.

🔹Increased risk of falls: Due to pain, weakness, and mobility limitations, individuals with knee osteoarthritis are at increased risk of falls, which can lead to further injuries.

🔹Reduced quality of life: Knee osteoarthritis can significantly impact quality of life

Osteoarthritis post 01-
https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=101482492888351&id=100090798002306

Image credit-

Image by kjpargeter onepik

26/02/2023

CT of the chest in the lung illustrated with various different pathologies

26/02/2023

Effectiveness of using PEEP valve during bag mask ventilation

25/02/2023

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of people worldwide.
It occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears down over time. It causes changes in the bone and deterioration of the connective tissues, causing pain and activity limitations due to inflammation of the joint lining.
Although osteoarthritis can damage any joint, including your hands, knees, hips, and spine.

This animation demonstrates tricompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee.

Mayo clinic physiotherapy rehabilitation

08/07/2023

21/05/2023

01/04/2023

19/03/2023

15/03/2023

08/03/2023

05/03/2023

26/02/2023

26/02/2023

25/02/2023

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