Mental Dynasty

15/11/2025

Know the infusions & it's uses

08/11/2025

There’s one condition that doesn’t shout when it enters, but its presence speaks loud through pain...Diabetes.
It’s calm at first, but gradually, it begins to show its heartless side.

It doesn’t strike suddenly like malaria, it creeps in quietly, destroying little by little.
It eats from the inside, it burns from the veins, it weakens the body’s strength, and when it finally shows itself, It’s often already doing damage.

Someone once described how Diabetes makes the skin appear.... like semi-cooked meat!. The skin loses its glow, becomes fragile, almost helpless. Wounds come and refuse to heal. Small injuries turn into big troubles, and simple cuts can last weeks, months and even years.

That’s how wicked Diabetes can be, It doesn’t just affect sugar levels, it affects your peace, your rest, and your confidence.

Diabetes happens when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin (the hormone that helps control blood sugar), or when the insulin produced cannot work properly, often as a result of too much workload on it.
The individual keeps overloading the poor insulin with excess carbohydrates, sugary foods, and bad eating patterns until it simply can’t keep up anymore.

So, instead of the body using the sugar for energy, the sugar remains in the blood and slowly begins its destruction.

And what fuels it the most?
Our diets.
All those carbonated drinks, bread, sugary foods and high carbohydrate meals...they all contribute to the rise of blood sugar levels.

If only you understood how deadly it is, you would think twice before taking that “just one bottle” or “just small slice of bread.”

Diabetes is not a respecter of age, wealth, or gender.
It’s slow, silent, but heartless.
If you ever saw what it can do to a person’s body, you’ll know it’s not a disease to joke with.

This is just a glimpse.
In my next post, I’ll break it down in details... the types, the signs, the complications, and most importantly, how to prevent it.

Until then, stay mindful.
Eat right.
And remember!... Diabetes does not forgive carelessness. 💔

01/11/2025

The Immense Importance of Keeping Boundaries in the Workplace
Written by Dagash

Maintaining boundaries in the workplace is one of the most crucial aspects of professionalism. Boundaries help create a respectful, safe, and productive environment where individuals can thrive both personally and professionally. Without clear boundaries, confusion, conflict, and even burnout can easily arise, disrupting team harmony and overall performance.

Boundaries define acceptable behavior, communication styles, and the limits of personal and professional interactions. They ensure that everyone understands their role, respects others’ space, and upholds ethical standards. For instance, emotional boundaries prevent personal issues from interfering with work, while physical and time boundaries help balance workloads and personal well-being. When these limits are respected, trust and mutual respect flourish among colleagues.

Moreover, boundaries protect employees from exploitation and undue stress. They encourage accountability, fairness, and equal treatment, which are essential for healthy teamwork. A manager who respects boundaries leads by example, showing that authority does not mean intrusion. Similarly, employees who set clear limits demonstrate self-respect and integrity, which enhances their credibility and confidence in the workplace.

In contrast, blurred boundaries can lead to favoritism, gossip, harassment, or emotional exhaustion. These issues not only harm individuals but can also damage the organization’s reputation and productivity. Therefore, establishing and maintaining boundaries should be seen not as rigidity, but as a form of professional self-care and organizational discipline.

In conclusion, keeping boundaries at work is not about building walls—it’s about creating clarity, respect, and balance. When everyone understands where professionalism begins and ends, the workplace becomes a space of growth, collaboration, and mutual empowerment. Boundaries, therefore, are the foundation of a healthy and sustainable work culture.

— Dagash

04/06/2025

As an international nurse :
SELF SPONSORSHIP FOR NURSES,MIDWIVES, PHN,LDN,MHN.

STAGE ONE

REGISTER WITH NMC UK

GET VERIFIED BY NMCN

PASS CBT

PASS YOUR ENGLISH REQUIREMENTS ACCORDING TO NMC NEW REQUIREMENTS ( FROM JANUARY)

INTERNATIONAL PASSPORT

BANK STATEMENT: IF SOMEONE IS GOING TO SPONSOR YOU THEN THEY SHOULD SUBMIT THIER BANK STATEMENT

GET A LETTER FOR JOB REFERENCE FROM YOUR HR ( EMPLOYER) ADDRESSED IT TO BRITISH CONSULATE LAGOS-stating that you have requested xyz period to go take an exam in the uk 🇬🇧 and this was approved

NMC DECISION LETTER TO TAKE OSCE

ACCOMODATION BOOKING APPROVAL FROM AIRBNB, HOTEL, LETTER FROM THE FAMILY/FRIENDS IN THE UK THAT YOU WANT TO STAY WITH

STAGE TWO
APPLY FOR VISIT VISA 6 MONTH
COST :£100
SUBMIT YOUR DOCUMENTS: LISTED ABOVE

ACCOMMODATION IN UK .

Pick a city you can afford and preferably close to your osce training center ( centers listed above you can search for more
Options
1. Stay with family
2. Friends
3. Relatives
4. Pay rent to resident in uk ( nurses already here can spare a room for you to pay them for the specific period of your visa , reach agreement with the said person).
5. Stay in rented motels in your osce training center city with another nurse with same purpose ( makes rent easier to pay)
6. Stay in rented motel in your own. Average rent for motels

COUNTRY-ENGLAND , UK🇬🇧🇬🇧

CITY- NORTHUMBRIA

SponsoredBooking.comhttps://www.booking.comCondos Northumbria University - Book your hotel online

SponsoredAirbnbhttps://www.airbnb.co.ukAirbnb Official Site - Discover New Airbnb Categories - Airbnb Uk

The above link takes you to several Airbnb apartments with different prices near an nmc approved osce center ( Northumbria university) if you choose to come with someone, you can both share the expenses of a room .

CITY- NORTHAMPTON

https://www.airbnb.co.uk/s/Northampton--England--United-Kingdom/homes?adults=1&place_id=ChIJc6JKbiMEd0gRCWLo2dCV9M0

The above link takes you to several Airbnb apartments with different prices near an nmc approved osce center ( Northampton university) if you choose to come with someone, you can both share the expenses of a room .

CITY- OXFORD

SponsoredAirbnbhttps://www.airbnb.co.ukFind Stays in Oxford - Unique Places, Great Prices - Airbnb - Oxford

SponsoredBooking.comhttps://www.booking.comUniversity of Oxford Hotel - Book Hotels, B&B's and more

The above link takes you to several Airbnb apartments with different prices near an nmc approved osce center ( oxford university) if you choose to come with someone, you can both share the expenses of a room .

CITY-LEEDS

SponsoredPremier Innhttps://www.premierinn.com › leeds › accommodationHeadingley Leeds Accommodation - Premier Inn™️ From £35 A Night

Airbnbhttps://www.airbnb.com › roomsModern 1 Bed flat near LGI Hospital and University

SponsoredAirbnbhttps://www.airbnb.co.uk › unitedkingdom › rentalsAirbnb™️ Official Site - Stay For Less Than A Hotel - Airbnb Categories

The above link takes you to several Airbnb apartments with different prices near an nmc approved osce center (Leeds university NHS trust ) if you choose to come with someone, you can both share the expenses of a room .

COUNTRY-NORTHERN IRELAND,UK 🇬🇧🇬🇧

CITY-ULSTER

Airbnbhttps://www.airbnb.co.uk › staysUlster Holiday Rentals & Homes

https://www.airbnb.co.uk › staysLondonderry Holiday Rentals & Homes - Northern Ireland

Ulster Universityhttps://www.ulster.ac.uk › summer-...Short stays & summer bookings - Ulster University Accommodation

The above link takes you to several Airbnb apartments with different prices near an nmc approved osce center ( Ulster university)if you choose to come with someone, you can both share the expenses of a room .

STAGE THREE
OSCE training centers booking and self practice for the exam .
NOTE that’s these centers charge , you can register to find out fee
OR
Use YouTube - it works too and prepare ur self .
Youtube

https://youtu.be/6rAMG9d_9Y0
Her name is Violet Okolocha
You can follow her up , I can testify people passing by studying with her .

https://youtu.be/_tLjRafvdrY

1. Merlin OSCE Centre is located at the heart of Northampton Town Centre. Most importantly close to the Northampton University OSCE Test Centre, making it an ideal location for OSCE practical training on the days before candidates appear for OSCE in the Northampton University.

2. International Nurses – OSCE Preparation training programme , CLCH Head Office
Ground Floor 15�Marylebone Road�London NW1 5JD

3. Cotton Nursing Solutionshttps://www.cottonnursingsolutions.co.uk › ...OSCE NMC Training | Cotton Nursing Solutions | Ashford, Kent
YOU CAN RESEARCH FOR MORE CENTER FOR FACE TO FACE AND ONLINE CLASSES

STAGE FOUR
OSCE CENTERS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 🇬🇧

NMC OSCE BOOKING AND PAYMENT USE LINK BELOW

OSCE EXAMINATION BOOKING : The fee for the new OSCE will stay at £794. You'll also pay the same reduced resit fee of £397 if you need to resit 7 or fewer stations.

University of Northampton
https://www.northampton.ac.uk/about-us/services-and-facilities/competence-test-centre/

The University of Northampton Innovation Centre�Green Street�Northampton�NN1 1SY

Oxford Brookes University
http://www.brookes.ac.uk/nmc-test-of-competence/

Oxford Brookes University�Delta 900�Welton Road�Westlea�Swindon�SN5 7XQ

Ulster University
https://www.ulster.ac.uk/faculties/life-and-health-sciences/nmc-test-of-competence-centre

Ulster University�Northland Road�Derry~Londonderry�County Londonderry�BT48 7JL

Northumbria University

https://collab.northumbria.ac.uk/osce/

Contact Us
NMC Competence Test Centre, University of Northumbria
Telephone: 0191 300 2441
Email: General Enquiries: CTCGeneralEnquiries@Northumbria.ac.uk Trust-Specific Enquiries: CTCTrustEnquiries@Northumbria.ac.uk

Leeds Teaching Hospitals
https://www.leedsth.nhs.uk/careers/osce-test-centre-leeds/

NHS Trust
Contact us at
Test Centre Location:
Suite C5, Joseph’s Well,
Hanover Lane,
Leeds,
LS3 1AD

POST OSCE

You get your nmc registered nurse pin within 7day of passing or failing
You can reschedule the failed stations as soon as possible and prepare for the exact same exams questions

JOB SEARCH

YOU CANNOT WORK BUT YOU CAN JOB SEARCH

ON IMMIGRATION VISA STATUS QUESTION: Click that you are on visitor visa that requires sponsorship to get a tier two visa ( that options is there on every trac application)

You can to visit the hospital site see around, go for interviews in care home nhs etc.. make sure to let them know from the start that you are on visitor visa .
Benefit
It lets your employer see you physically instead of scheduling zoom interview,
One on one conversations speak more
Volume about you and increase your chances of been sponsored.

Get a job and your Certificate of sponsorship

VISA APPLICATION

IN THE UK

SWITCHING TO TIER 2 VISA

https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa/switch-to-this-visa
Click on link above to get your information RIGHT.

OUTSIDE THE UK

Leave uk before your visit visa expires to avoid violating the law then apply for your visa using your Certificate of sponsorship

https://www.gov.uk › apply-from-o...Skilled Worker visa: Apply from outside the UK

EXTEND YOUR VISIT VISA

NEED MORE TIME TO RESCHEDULE THE FAILED NMC OSCE STATIONS

You must apply to extend your stay and pay the £1000 fee regardless of your nationality. You need to apply while you're still in the UK and before your current visa or permission expire.
Eg on your first visit visa u got a 6months visa but were only able to stay for 2 or 4 months , you can now extend it and add 4-2 months to get the total of 6 MONTHS ONLY

https://www.gov.uk/standard-visitor/extend-your-stay
[20/05, 20:25] +234 807 804 4424: - BOOK THE OSCE....£794

-ACCOMODATION... ~£700~

**ACCOMODATION HERE CAN BE SUBSTITUTED IF YOU HAVE COLLEAGUES, FRIENDS OR RELATIVE* *THAT CAN STAND IN FOR THAT* .

- ~PROOF~ ~OF~ ~FUNDS~ ... ~£2000~

*THE PROOF OF FUNDS SOLELY DEPENDS UPON HOW MUCH DURATION YOU STATE IN YOUR VISA APPLICATION LETTER THAT YOU'LL STAY IN THE UK FOR THE EXAMS. *HOWEVER, IT IS ADVISABLE TO GET SOMEONE WHO CAN STAND IN AS YOUR SPONSOR*

-VISA FEE.... ~£125~ , (£100)

-TICKET FEE... £1500.

**THIS TICKET FEE IS ESTIMATED. IT CAN GET LOWER THAN THE STATED AMOUNT* *BUT ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO PASS THE STATED AMOUNT.*

-PRIVATE OSCE LESSON... £700

-PERSONAL UPKEEP... £300( Estimated, It can get lower because watin you dey find around wei you go wan dey spend the money, na to face your exam)

-FINAL REGISTRATION FEE....£153

-OSCE RESIT: £397

Visit the UK as a Standard Visitor for tourism, business, study (courses up to 6 months), medical treatment and other activities. Find out whether you need a Standard Visitor visa, or can visit without a visa.

26/05/2025

INSULIN

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy. It's essential for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels and preventing serious complications like diabetes.
Here's a more detailed explanation:

1.Production:
Insulin is produced by beta cells within the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.

2Function:
Its primary role is to allow glucose, a type of sugar derived from food, to enter cells for energy.

3 Regulation:
When blood sugar levels rise after eating, the pancreas releases insulin to help glucose enter cells and lower blood sugar.
4.Diabetes:

If the body doesn't produce enough insulin or if the body doesn't respond to it properly, it can lead to diabetes, where blood sugar levels become abnormally high.
Insulin Therapy:
For individuals with diabetes, insulin can be administered through injections, pens, pumps, or even inhalers to help manage blood sugar levels.

TYPES OF INSULIN

1. Rapid-Acting Insulin
○ Examples: Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (NovoRapid), Glulisine (Apidra)
D Onset: 10-30 minutes Peak: 30 minutes - 3 hours Duration:3-5 hours Use: Taken just before meals to control post-meal blood sugar spikes.

2. Short-Acting Insulin Examples: Regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R) C Onset: 30-60 minutes Peak: 2-4 hours ○ Duration: 5-8 hours Jse: Typically administered 30 minutes before meals.

3. Intermediate-Acting Insulin Example: NPH insulin (Humulin N, Novolin N) E Onset: 1-2 hours Peak: 4-12 hours Duration:12-18 hours Use: Provides basal coverage; often used with rapid/ short-acting insulin.

4. Long-Acting Insulin
Examples: Glargine (Lantus, Toujeo), Detemir (Levemir) D Onset: 1-2 hours Peak: Minimal or no peak 2 Duration: UP to 24 hours Use: Maintains steady insulin levels throughout the day; usually taken once daily.

5. Ultra-Long-Acting Insulin Example: Degludec (Tresiba) G Onset: 30-90 minutes ~ Peak: None Duration: Over 42 hours Use: Ideal for patients needing flexible dosing and long-term control.

25/05/2025

You know this?

1. What is a Blood Transfusion?

The process of administering blood into a patient’s bloodstream through an IV line.

2. Antigen vs. Antibody:

Antibody: A protective protein that helps fight infections.

Antigen: A substance that triggers the immune response and antibody production.

3. Types of Blood Transfusions:

1. Whole Blood:

Contains: RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets.

Used for: Severe hemorrhage.

2. Red Blood Cells (RBCs):

Contains: Hemoglobin for oxygen transport.

Used for: Anemia, sickle cell anemia, surgical blood loss.

3. Plasma:

Contains: Liquid portion with proteins like albumin.

Used for: Coagulation disorders, severe burns, liver failure.

4. Platelets:

Function: Helps blood clot.

Used for: Chemotherapy, thrombocytopenia.

4. Blood Type Compatibility Chart:

Blood Type Gives Receives

Universal Donor: O-

Universal Recipient: AB+

Note:

Negative blood types can donate to both + and -, but only receive from -.

Positive blood types can donate only to +, but can receive from both + and -.

5. Types of Adverse Reactions:

A. Hemolytic Reaction (BLOOD):

Symptoms:
Back Pain,
Low Blood Pressure,
Old (chills/fever),
Overactive heart rate (HR),
Dark urine.

B. Allergic Reaction (HIVES):

Symptoms:
Hives,
Increased lip swelling,
Vomiting,
Elevated HR,
Shortness of breath.

C. Febrile Reaction (FEVER):

Symptoms:
Flushing,
Elevated temperature,
Vibrations/shivering,
Elevated HR,
Recurrent headache.

16/05/2025

Read to know the differences between the right & left heart failure
See picture for illustration 👇

11/05/2025

Shock is a life-threatening medical condition where there is inadequate blood flow (perfusion) to the tissues and organs, leading to cellular hypoxia, organ dysfunction, and potentially death if not treated promptly.

⸻

General Pathophysiology:

Shock occurs when the circulatory system fails to maintain adequate blood flow, oxygen, and nutrients to tissues. This results in a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand, leading to metabolic failure and cell death.

⸻

Types of Shock (with explanations):
1. Hypovolemic Shock
• Cause: Loss of blood or fluid volume.
• Examples: Hemorrhage, severe burns, dehydration.
• Mechanism: Decreased preload → reduced cardiac output → poor perfusion.
2. Cardiogenic Shock
• Cause: Heart’s pumping ability fails.
• Examples: Myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias.
• Mechanism: Decreased cardiac output despite adequate volume → poor tissue perfusion.
3. Distributive Shock
• Cause: Abnormal blood vessel dilation leading to poor distribution of blood.
• Subtypes:
• Septic shock (due to severe infection)
• Anaphylactic shock (due to allergic reaction)
• Neurogenic shock (due to spinal cord injury)
• Mechanism: Vasodilation and capillary leak → relative hypovolemia → poor perfusion.
4. Obstructive Shock
• Cause: Physical obstruction to blood flow.
• Examples: Pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax.
• Mechanism: Impaired filling or outflow of blood → decreased cardiac output.

⸻

Signs & Symptoms of Shock:
• Rapid, weak pulse
• Low blood pressure
• Cold, clammy skin
• Rapid breathing
• Confusion or altered mental state
• Decreased urine output

11/05/2025

There are four main sites commonly used for intramuscular (IM) injections, each with specific advantages depending on the patient’s age, muscle development, and type of medication. Here’s a quick overview:

⸻

1. Deltoid Muscle (Upper Arm)
• Location: 2.5–5 cm (1–2 inches) below the acromion process.
• Common use: Vaccinations.
• Volume: Up to 1 mL (sometimes 2 mL).
• Caution: Avoid the radial nerve and brachial artery.

⸻

2. Ventrogluteal Site (Hip)
• Location: Place palm on the greater trochanter, index finger on the anterior superior iliac spine, and spread middle finger dorsally toward the iliac crest.
• Common use: Safe for adults and children >7 months.
• Volume: Up to 3 mL.
• Advantages: Away from major nerves and blood vessels.

⸻

3. Vastus Lateralis (Thigh)
• Location: Middle third of the lateral thigh between the greater trochanter and the knee.
• Common use: Preferred for infants and small children.
• Volume: Up to 3 mL.
• Advantages: Large, well-developed muscle.

⸻

4. Dorsogluteal Site (Buttocks)
• Location: Upper outer quadrant of the gluteal muscle.
• Common use: Historically used, less preferred now.
• Volume: Up to 3 mL.
• Caution: Risk of sciatic nerve injury and hitting major blood vessels.

⸻

Would you like a labeled diagram of these sites?

09/05/2025

SHOCK
Shock is a critical condition brought on by the sudden drop in blood flow through the body.
Shock may result from trauma, heatstroke, blood loss or an allergic reaction. It also may result from severe infection, poisoning, severe burns or other causes

TYPES OF SHOCK
1.CARDIOGENIC SHOCK
Cardiogenic shock is a life-limiting condition that happens suddenly when your heart can’t pump enough blood to keep up with your body’s demand for it. A heart attack is the most common cause
Causes
>Cardiogenic shock is most often caused by a heart attack or heart failure.
Note:This condition is an emergency situation that requires immediate treatment in a hospital

stages of cardiogenic shock
>At risk (A): Heart disease, such as heart attack or heart failure, but no signs of shock.
>Beginning (B): Low blood pressure or heart rate.
>Classic (C): Need for medicine or devices to help get blood to organs.
>Deteriorating (D): Not responding to medicine or devices and getting worse.
Sign &symptoms
>pain in upper abdomen
>Trouble breathing
>sweating
>Irregular heart beats
>Fainting
>weak pulse
DIagnoses
>Physical examination
>Electrocardiogram
>Echocardiogram
>Blood test
>Chest X-ray ray
>Blood pressure cuff
>Cardiac cauterization
MGT
The most important part of treatment is improving the flow of blood and oxygen to major organs to avoid damage.

2.HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK
Hypovolemic shock is a dangerous condition in which your heart can’t get your body the blood (and oxygen) it needs to function.
Causes
>Major blood or fluid loss causes hypovolemic shock
Sign & Symptoms
>Breathing faster than normal.
>Feeling confused or anxious.
>Sweating a lot.
>Passing out.
>Having skin that feels cool.
>Feeling weak.
>Having a low temperature and low blood pressure.
>Having a fast pulse
DIagnoses
>Blood tests.
>Electrocardiogram (EKG).
>Echocardiogram.
>Right heart (Swan-Ganz) catheterization.
>Computed tomography (CT) or other imaging.
>Endoscopy
MGT
>Blood and Iv transfusion
>Mexications

3.Septic Shock
Septic shock is a serious medical condition that can occur when an infection in your body causes extremely low blood pressure and organ failure due to sepsis
Causes
infection causes enough inflammation
Sign &Symptoms
>Fast heart rate.
>Fever
>Shaking or chills.
>Warm, clammy or sweaty skin
>Confusion or disorientation.
>Hyperventilation
>Shortness of breath
DIagnoses
>Blood test
>Urine test
MGT
>Iv medication
>Iv fluids to increase blood pressure

NOTE

ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK &NEUROGENIC
will be discussed in the next Slide •below

29/03/2025

Adhere to this•••It doesn’t cost you any dine just free of charge’
Dm me for guidelines to go about it because it’s mandatory that you know your status!