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Pharm VIA, Lagos (2025)

23/03/2024

EXOGENOUS OCHRONOSIS, the term for the skin patches above. I'm sure you must've seen men and women(mostly older), and some young persons with faces like that?

This is consequence of chronic use of bleaching substances. Fine girl, fine boy, that your fine face will become like this as you get older if you don't stop bleaching. You just don't give a s**t about tomorrow's well-being for today's gratification. Mtchww😏

Research has shown that there is no health benefit to skin bleaching. Almost all bleaching products are composed of either of three active ingredients:
Mercury,
Hydroquinone, &
Various Corticosteroids

These components will definitely damage your health in many cases many ways;

Nephrotic syndrome (kidney issues); Skin lightening creams containing mercury have been associated with nephrotic syndrome. Blood vessels in the kidney are damaged.

Exogenous ochronosis: This is a skin disorder that causes blue-black pigmentation. It usually occurs as a complication of long-term use of skin bleaching creams that contain hydroquinone.

Mercury poisoning; According to health line, most bleaching has been linked to mercury toxicity. Mercury can cause numbness, high blood pressure, fatigue, sensitivity to light, neurologic symptoms, such as tremor, memory loss, and irritability kidney failure.

Body odour; This is actually one of the common complications of bleaching. Prolonged application of skin bleaching creams will over time give the body a distinctive bad odour, resembling the smell of rotten fish.

Skin inflammation

Acne; Steroid acne appearing on the chest, back and face.

Everyone wants to look beautiful but achieving it through ideal means is the best form of beauty one can ever attain. You can take care of your skin in healthier ways; Eat the right things, proper hydration, take good supplements etc it's plenty...

22/03/2024

The Rhesus factor, or Rh factor, is a certain type of protein found on the outside of red blood cells. People are either Rh-positive (they have the protein) or Rh-negative (they don’t have the protein).

This post is important when you’re Rh-negative and pregnant with a fetus who’s Rh-positive.
You inherit this rhesus protein, which means you get your Rh factor from your biological parents. For example, look at these blood groups, O+, O-, A+, B- etc. know that the positive (+) or negative (-) sign on the blood groups show a Rhesus positive(Rh+) and Rhesus negative (Rh-) persons respectively.

Your Rh factor doesn’t cause problems or hurt your health in any way. It only becomes important when blood types are mixed together, like during pregnancy and childbirth.
Rh incompatibility occurs when a person who’s Rh-negative becomes pregnant with a fetus with Rh-positive blood.

With Rh incompatibility, your immune system reacts to this difference (known as incompatibility) and creates antibodies. These antibodies drive an immune system attack against the fetus’s red blood cells, which your body thinks are foreign objects. This is called Rh sensitization.

WHEN IS THE FETUS AT RISK?
Complications don’t usually happen during a person’s first pregnancy. This is because it’s unlikely that your blood will mix with the fetus’s blood until delivery, which means antibodies won’t form until after the fetus is born. However, your provider still tests your Rh factor even if it’s your first pregnancy.

Rh INCOMPATIBILITY becomes a SERIOUS problem in subsequent pregnancies when you have another Rh-positive fetus. In this case, the antibodies your body has produced in your first pregnancy put the second fetus at risk for complications. Once your body realizes the fetus is Rh-positive, These antibodies can pass into the fetus’s blood and attack its red blood cells. This is called Rh disease. Rh disease can be life-threatening for the fetus, in some cases miscarriages occur.

This is why it's EXTREMELY important to determine the Rh factors when you're an Rh- pregnant woman and your partner is Rh+. The chart above helps determine the fetus’s risk for Rh incompatibility. (Direct any questions to the comments and you'll get a reply)

HOW IS Rh INCOMPATIBILITY MANAGED AND RISKS MINIMISED?
In your first pregnancy as an Rh- woman with an Rh+ fetus(baby), Rh immune globulin (RhIg or RhoGAM®) is administered. This is a medication that stops your body from making Rh antibodies.

It’s only helpful if your body hasn’t already made Rh antibodies. Rh immunoglobulin shots are usually very successful in treating Rh-incompatibility during pregnancy.

Detecting Rh incompatibility early in pregnancy is the best way to prevent serious complications.

NOTE that apart from blood mixing between the mother and fetus in pregnancy during labor and delivery (either vaginal or cesarean). It can also happen in ABORTIONS(partial or complete). For ladies that have had abortions in the past, who might have been carrying a Rh+ fetus, they're also at a risk of Rh incompatibility and Rh disease in subsequent pregnancies.

If your body already has Rh antibodies, the fetus is at risk for Rh disease. Since Rh immune globulin won’t be helpful, the best treatment is close monitoring for the remainder of your pregnancy.
There’s a small chance your provider will want to deliver early, but this depends on how severe the fetus’s Rh disease is.

Rhesus compatibility is a criteria that should be taken very seriously in pregnancy and childbirth.

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