A.S.J Artz

A.S.J Artz I'm Susan Cartwright, a dentist with 10 years' experience. Practicing in Sydney, I welcome new telehealth consultations.

Graduated from The University of Melbourne, I specialize in preventive, restorative, and cosmetic dentistry.

Teeth are tightly connected to the alveolar bone with the help of periodontal membrane. Under normal circumstances, the ...
08/02/2025

Teeth are tightly connected to the alveolar bone with the help of periodontal membrane. Under normal circumstances, the connection is firm and there is no noticeable loosening of teeth. However, when periodontal tissues are diseased, the roots are absorbed and shortened, or the teeth are damaged by external forces, the mobility of teeth exceeds the normal physiological range (0.02mm), which is called loose teeth.
Common in periodontitis, dental trauma, apical periodontitis, and mandibular osteomyelitis. In addition, deciduous teeth may also become loose during the transition from deciduous to permanent teeth; when female hormone levels change, such as during pregnancy and menstruation, the phenomenon of tooth loosening may also increase.

How does gingival bleeding occur?The mechanism of gingival bleeding needs to be explained in layers. Gingival bleeding c...
08/02/2025

How does gingival bleeding occur?
The mechanism of gingival bleeding needs to be explained in layers. Gingival bleeding can be divided into two situations:
In the early stage of gingivitis, when plaque is deposited on the tooth surface, gingival inflammation occurs quickly. Within 24 hours, the microvessels under the junction epithelium show obvious changes. Histology shows that the arterioles, capillaries and venules in the gingival blood vessels are dilated.
About 4 to 7 days after plaque accumulation, histology shows that the blood vessels under the junction epithelium are dilated and the number increases. Lymphocytes and neutrophils are the main infiltrating cells at this stage. Plasma cells are rare. Inflammatory cells infiltrate, accounting for about 15% of the volume of connective tissue. Fibroblasts in the lesions degenerate, and there are more leukocytes infiltrating. At the same time, the collagen in the infiltrated area continues to be destroyed by 70%, mainly affecting the gingival fibers and annular fibers. The basal cells of the junction epithelium and the epithelium in the groove proliferate, and epithelial spikes appear, reflecting that the body strengthens the defense barrier against plaque. This system of lesions can be seen clinically as inflammatory manifestations, red gums, and bleeding on probing.

Gingivitis is a common mild gum disease, also known as periodontal disease. It can cause irritation, redness, swelling, ...
08/02/2025

Gingivitis is a common mild gum disease, also known as periodontal disease. It can cause irritation, redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gingiva (the gums around the base of the teeth). It is important to take gingivitis seriously and treat it promptly. Gingivitis does not cause bone loss in the tooth socket. But if left untreated, gingivitis can lead to more serious gum disease (called periodontitis) and tooth loss.
The most common cause of gingivitis is not keeping your teeth and gums clean and healthy. Good oral hygiene habits (such as brushing at least twice a day, flossing daily, and getting regular dental checkups) can help prevent gingivitis and restore your gums.

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