07/09/2025
✅ Rigging Operations Techniques
(Rigging in the context of lifting operations, such as construction, crane operations, oil & gas, heavy industry, etc.)
Rigging operations involve preparing and securing loads for lifting, usually with cranes, hoists, or other mechanical devices. The goal is to safely and efficiently lift and move heavy loads using proper rigging gear and techniques.
🔧 Key Rigging Techniques in Lifting Operations:
1. Load Assessment & Planning
Weight Calculation: Always determine the exact weight of the load. Use manufacturer's data or calculate based on material volume and density.
Center of Gravity (COG): Identify the load’s center of gravity to ensure balanced lifting.
Load Path: Plan the lifting route, including obstacles, overhead clearance, and weather conditions.
Lift Plan: For complex lifts, a detailed lift plan including personnel, equipment, rigging methods, and risk assessment is mandatory.
2. Rigging Method Selection
Choose the best method based on load type, weight, and geometry:
🟩 Single-Point Hitch
One sling, one lifting point.
Simple but can be unstable if COG is off-center.
🟨 Double or Basket Hitch
Slings wrapped under the load.
Better stability; commonly used for pipes or symmetrical objects.
🟥 Choker Hitch
Sling tightens around the load when lifted.
Good for irregular loads but reduces sling capacity.
🔷 Bridle Hitch (Multi-leg sling)
Used for distributing weight evenly.
Requires precise sling angle and COG awareness.
3. Proper Use of Rigging Equipment
Common Rigging Gear:
Wire rope slings
Synthetic web slings
Chain slings
Shackles
Hooks
Turnbuckles
Eyebolts and lifting points
Each has its own:
Working Load Limit (WLL)
Inspection requirement
Load angle considerations
Load Angle Rule:
As the angle between the sling and the load decreases, tension in the sling increases.
Use sling angle charts or formulas to avoid overloading.
4. Rigging Inspection
Before each use:
Check slings for cuts, frays, kinks, corrosion, broken wires, or deformations.
Inspect hardware for cracks, wear, or unauthorized modifications.
Tag or remove any equipment that does not pass inspection.
5. Taglines and Load Control
Use taglines to control swinging or rotating loads.
Never ride the load or stand under suspended loads.
Ensure clear communication between signalers and crane operators.
6. Communication & Signals
Use standard hand signals or radios when visibility is poor.
Have a designated signal person with clear line-of-sight to both the load and crane operator.
7. Lifting and Lowering the Load
Start slowly to check load balance and sling tension.
Always lift vertically to avoid side loading.
Keep the load as low as safely possible when moving.
Set down the load gently, and ensure area is clear.
8. Post-Operation Practices
Inspect rigging equipment after the lift.
Store slings and gear properly (dry, clean, off the ground).
Document any issues or maintenance needs.
🛠️ Specialized Rigging Techniques:
Blind lifts: When the load is out of the operator’s sight.
Dual crane lifts: Requires extreme coordination and detailed planning.
Rotational lifts: Involve turning the load mid-air — needs taglines and pivot points.
⚠️ Safety Rules to Always Follow:
Never exceed WLL (Working Load Limit).
Never rig with damaged or uncertified equipment.
Avoid shock loading (sudden jerks).
Use proper PPE: gloves, helmet, steel-toe boots, high-visibility vest.
Always follow site-specific lifting protocols.
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📚 Recommended Standards & Guidelines:
ASME B30.9 – Slings
ASME B30.26 – Rigging hardware
OSHA 1926 Subpart H – Rigging & material handling
LOLER (UK) – Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations
API RP 2D – Offshore lifting