06/01/2023
FABER TEST
Technique
The patient is positioned in supine. The leg is placed in a figure-4 position (hip flexed and abducted with the lateral ankle resting on the contralateral thigh proximal to the knee.While stabilizing the opposite side of the pelvis at the anterior superior iliac spine, an external rotation, abduction and posterior force is then lightly applied to the ipsilateral knee until the end range of motion is achieved. A further few small-amplitude oscillations can be applied to check for pain provocation at the end range of motion.A positive test is one that reproduces the patient's pain or limits their range of movement.
Purpose
The FABER test is used to identify the presence of hip pathology by attempting to reproduce pain in the hip, lumbar spine or sacroiliac region. The test is a passive screening tool for musculoskeletal pathologies, such as hip, lumbar spine, or sacroiliac joint dysfunction, or an iliopsoas spasm.
The test also assesses the hip, due to forces being transferred through the joint. The position of flexion, abduction, and external rotation, when combined with overpressure, stresses the femoral-acetabular joint and produces pain, if irritated.
In conjunction with other tests such as range of movement and hip quadrant test, FABERs can be a useful tool to guide practitioners when to refer for further imaging in patients with persistent hip or groin pain.
When the FABER test is clustered, it can provide highly useful information in identifying those suffering from sacroiliac joint dysfunction. This tests the sacroiliac joint, as the horizontal abduction force goes through the femur, the soft tissues under tension transfer the forces to the sacroiliac joint. Hence, this test can indicate pathology located in the hip or sacroiliac joint.