22/04/2026
for
According to and
Vitamin D is recommended to support bone mineralization, calcium homeostasis, and prevention of rickets, especially in preterm and breastfed infants.
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👶 TERM INFANTS
📌400 IU/day vitamin D for all infants beginning soon after birth
Especially important for:
▪️Exclusively breastfed infants
▪️Partially breastfed infants
▪️Continue until taking ≥1 liter/day of vitamin D–fortified formula or milk (after infancy)
🔹️Practical start:
First few days of life
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📌Also supports 400 IU/day for healthy term infants through infancy
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🍼 PRETERM INFANTS
📌200–400 IU/day for preterm infants
Many NICUs practically use 400 IU/day
🔹️once enteral feeds established
More proactive in preterms:
📌 400–800 IU/day during first months of life for preterm infants
📌Then reduce to 400 IU/day after reaching term-equivalent age / stable growth
(Depends on feed intake, labs, osteopenia risk)
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⏱️ When to Start?
🔹️Term:
Soon after birth
🔹️Preterm:
Once clinically stable and tolerating enteral feeds
(often first days to first 2 weeks depending on NICU)
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⏳ How Long to Continue?
🔹️Term:
Through infancy until adequate dietary intake
🔹️Preterm:
Usually through infancy, minimum 400 IU/day, individualized after discharge
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🔬 When to Monitor Levels?
📌Check 25-OH vitamin D selectively if:
▪️Cholestasis
▪️Severe prematurity
▪️Metabolic bone disease
▪️Fractures
▪️Malabsorption
▪️Prolonged high-dose supplementation
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⚠️ Avoid Excess
▪️Chronic excessive dosing may cause:
▪️Hypercalcemia
▪️Nephrocalcinosis
▪️Poor feeding / vomiting
So avoid empiric megadoses unless guided.
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Practical Note
Many NICUs use 400 IU/day routinely, then individualize for ELBW infants or metabolic bone disease risk.
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Ghaith🌧🌿