03/10/2023
Pathology Pearls #1
Fruit signs important to diagnose a disease....
1- Apple core sign....
The apple core sign is the characteristic radiologic appearance of a focal bowel stricture with shouldered margins on a contrast e***a examination, most commonly due to an annular carcinoma of the colon and also describe the circumferential erosion of femoral neck seen in synovial chondromatosis-
2- Apple peel appearance....
Apple peel intestinal atresia is a rare form of small bowel atresia in which the duodenum or proximal jejunum ends in a blind pouch and the distal small bowel wraps around its vascular supply in a spiral resembling an apple peel-
3- Apple jelly appearance....
Lupus vulgaris ( also known as Tuberculosis luposa) are painful cutaneous tuberculosis skin lesions with nodular appearance, most often on the face around the nose, eyelids, lips, cheeks , ears and neck-
4- Acorn cyst....
Certain cysts in the breast are not completely anechoic on ultrasounds with some presenting with echoes in nearfield resembling an acorn-
5- Berry aneurysm....
Intracranial saccular aneurysms are hence named because they resemble in shape and size a berry on CT scans. They are congenital and most frequently occur in the circle of Willis-
6- Banana sign....
This sign is seen in antenatal ultrasounds, with the folding of cerebellum around the posterior brain stem giving it a banana shape. This is usually due to the inferior traction of spinal cord, compressing the cerebellum against the occipital bone and is a frequent finding in fetus with neural tube defects-
7- Banana fracture....
A banana fracture refers to a complete, horizontally oriented pathological fracture seen in deformed bones affected by paget disease, which represent a type of insufficiency fracture-
8- Blueberry muffin appearance....
It is the descriptive term used when an infant is born with multiple blue/purple marks on nodules in the skin. These are due to presence of clusters of blood producing cells in the skin or bleeding into the skin or spreading cancer-
