Dr Messum Raza Alvi

Dr Messum Raza Alvi Dr Messum Raza Alvi is a Professional Qualified Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) Based in Sialkot, Pakistan

Al-Hijama Physio Clinic
Address: Hajipura Green town Boggrah Near Faisal Darzi's House

I have a Physiotherapy joke, but it needs some stretching first.I have a Physiotherapy joke, but still working on its Ra...
09/01/2025

I have a Physiotherapy joke, but it needs some stretching first.

I have a Physiotherapy joke, but still working on its Range of Motion.

I have a Physiotherapy joke, but its taking things step by step.

I have a Physiotherapy joke, but still learning to stand on its own.
😂😂

The Happy, The C6 Vertebra😂
23/10/2024

The Happy, The C6 Vertebra😂

23/10/2024

Soon, the phrase "organ failure" will disappear.

Scientists around the world are printing organs and growing skin made of living tissue.

"Already from your own cells scientists can grow skin, cartilage, noses, blood vessels, bladders and windpipes. In the future, scientists will grow more complex organs, like livers and kidneys. The phrase 'organ failure' will disappear."
- Michio Kaku

During my clinical rotations, I understood that,  physical therapy is not about forcing treatment protocols on a patient...
23/10/2024

During my clinical rotations, I understood that, physical therapy is not about forcing treatment protocols on a patient/client it is all about the importance of listening.

"The most effective therapy isn't about forcing progress, but about understanding the patient's unique journey." Having an empathetic approach inspired me to focus on personalized care, tailoring treatments to each individual's needs and goals.

⚠️Foot Drop Exercises Foot drop is a general term for a condition resulting in difficulty lifting the front part of the ...
22/06/2024

⚠️Foot Drop Exercises

Foot drop is a general term for a condition resulting in difficulty lifting the front part of the foot and toes. It often results in difficulty walking, as the individual is at higher risk of falls if the foot drags or the toes get caught on the ground. Fortunately, there are ways to regain strength and mobility in the foot — and one of the best methods includes foot drop exercises.

Exercises for foot drop are designed to help strengthen the lower limb muscles to improve the ability to lift the foot up again. Exercise also helps stimulate and rewire the brain, which makes it an effective way to overcome foot drop after a stroke or brain injury.

🔴Anatomy
The common peroneal nerve is the smaller and terminal branch of the sciatic nerve which is composed of the posterior divisions of L4, 5, S1, 2. The nerve can be palpated behind the head of the fibula and as it winds around the neck of the fibula.

Commonly, with damage to the common peroneal nerve, there will be weakness of tibialis anterior and other key dorsiflexors of the foot.

🔴Causes

Foot drop has several possible causes, typically due to an issue with your nerves and/or muscles. The most common causes are lumbar radiculopathy and peroneal nerve injury.

Other causes include:

▶️Brain conditions.
▶️Motor neuron conditions.
▶️Peripheral neuropathies.
▶️Muscle conditions.

✳️Lumbar radiculopathy
Radiculopathy happens when one of your nerve roots (where your nerves join your spinal column) is compressed or irritated.

Lumbar radiculopathy refers to a pinched nerve in your low back. Nerves that start in this area of your back extend down to your legs and feet. Your lumbar spine consists of the five bones (vertebra) in your lower back, labeled L1 to L5.

L5 radiculopathy specifically is a common cause of foot drop.

Radiculopathy usually happens due to narrowing of the space where your nerve roots exit your spine. This can be from:

▶️Spinal stenosis.
▶️Bone spurs.
▶️Herniated disk.
▶️Lumbar spondylosis.

✳️Peroneal nerve injury
Your common peroneal nerve is a peripheral nerve that extends down your leg. It’s a branch of the sciatic nerve that travels from the back of your thigh along the outside of your knee to the front of your lower leg. It supplies movement and sensation to your lower legs, feet and toes.

Several things can damage your common peroneal nerve and cause foot drop. Often, peroneal nerve injuries develop because of a traumatic injury to your knee, leg or ankle. These injuries include:

▶️Ankle fracture.
▶️Fibula fracture.
▶️Knee dislocation.
▶️Knee fracture.

✳️Injuries to your sciatic nerve in your buttock or back of your thigh can also cause a foot drop.

Your risk of peroneal nerve damage increases if you:

▶️Often sit with your legs crossed at your knee.
▶️Have your leg in a cast.
▶️Are on bed rest.
▶️Have lost weight.

✳️Sometimes, a tumor or cyst in your peroneal nerve can cause a foot drop. Inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, can also damage your peroneal nerve.

Your peroneal nerve is a peripheral nerve (nerves outside your brain and spinal cord). Any condition that affects peripheral nerves, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease or acquired peripheral neuropathy, can affect your peroneal nerve and cause foot drop.

🔴Other causes of foot drop
Brain conditions that can cause foot drop include:

▶️Multiple sclerosis (MS).
▶️Stroke.
▶️Cerebral palsy.
▶️Parkinson’s disease.

Motor neuron disorders that can cause foot drop include:

▶️Polio.
▶️Spinal muscular atrophy.
▶️Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease).

Less commonly, muscle conditions, such as muscular dystrophy or myositis, can also lead to foot drop.

🔴Symptoms
The most common symptom of foot drop is difficulty raising the front part of your foot. This can make it difficult to walk on your toes. Other symptoms of foot drop may include:

▶️Difficulty moving your ankle.
▶️Difficulty bending your knee.
▶️Dragging your toe when you walk.
▶️A high steppage gait (a way of walking where you lift your leg high to clear your foot).
▶️Pain in your leg, hip, or back.
▶️Muscle weakness in your leg.
▶️Numbness in your leg.
▶️Tingling in your leg.

🔴How Does Physical Therapy Help Foot Drop?

Foot drop (also called drop foot) is a condition that impairs your ability to lift the top part of your foot (and our toe area) up toward your shin. This movement is known as dorsiflexion, and it’s important for walking properly and maintaining balance.

To move your muscles, the brain must send signals that tell your muscles when to contract and relax. When a brain injury or stroke affects the areas of the brain that sends these signals, it can lead to foot drop. However, foot drop can also occur due to damage to the muscles or nerves in the lower leg that directly perform dorsiflexion, or the nerve roots originating from the lumbar spine (specifically L4 and L5).

Foot drop exercises help strengthen the muscles in the area and rewire the brain to improve your brain’s ability to send the correct signals to move your foot. This rewiring process is known as neuroplasticity, and it’s key to foot drop recovery.

Consistent practice of therapeutic exercises and movement retraining provides the brain with the stimulation it needs to relearn the skill of dorsiflexion.

Now that you know why exercises for foot drop are important, let’s start exercising.

1. Ankle Dorsiflexion
2. Ankle Adduction/Abduction
3. Assisted Toe Raises
4. Toe Raise “Negatives”
5. Heel Raises
6. Ankle Eversion
7. Ankle Inversion
8. Single Leg Stance
9. Hip External and Internal Rotation
10. Hip Rotation Slides

These last two foot drop exercises target the legs, which can be helpful for patients with severe foot drop when it’s coupled with other lower limb impairments.

🔴Ankle Foot Orthotics

Ankle foot orthotics offer support to the foot so that it doesn’t drag on the floor, which helps reduce the risk of tripping and falling. Foot drop braces are notorious for having low compliance rates, though, because they can be uncomfortable. But if your therapist suggests wearing an AFO, you need to wear one to prevent the risk of falling and fracturing a hip, or worse.

Also, be aware that when the foot and lower leg muscles are neglected, you run the risk of worsening the weakness and foot drop condition (“use it or lose it”). To prevent foot drop from worsening, the use of an AFO should always be accompanied with gait training and consistent foot drop exercises to encourage recovery and keep the brain stimulated.

🔴Surgery
If foot drop has not improved after consistent, long-term rehabilitation, nerve transfers can be considered. This surgery works by taking donor “redundant nerves” from other parts of the body and transferring them to the affected area.

Surgery is an invasive treatment that should be a last resort. Usually, doctors recommend surgery if foot drop has not improved after 6-12 months of consistent rehabilitation. Following nerve transfers, it can take anywhere from a few months to years of additional rehabilitation to retrain the motor function, but results have been promising in this relatively novel intervention.

🔴Stimulate the Brain with Foot Drop Exercises

The first line of defense against foot drop is rehab exercise. Regular, consistent practice helps rewire the brain and improve mobility in the foot and lower extremities.

By combining exercises for foot drop with other techniques, like electrical stimulation, gait and balance retraining, patients can boost recovery further. When foot drop is severe, patients can start with passive exercise and work their way up from there and may consider an AFO or even surgery if the condition is not improving.

✨We hope this guide has helped you understand your options for overcoming foot drop.

Eid Mubarak From Dr Messum Raza Alvi ✨️🎊💐
17/06/2024

Eid Mubarak From Dr Messum Raza Alvi ✨️🎊💐

10/04/2024

Eid Mubarak Everyone Stay Healthy and Fit.

Estimated Healing Times 👇
27/01/2024

Estimated Healing Times 👇

FABELLA BONE, AN EVOLUTIONARY ENIGMA 🪷The fabella is a small sesamoid bone found in some mammals embedded in the tendon ...
12/01/2024

FABELLA BONE, AN EVOLUTIONARY ENIGMA 🪷

The fabella is a small sesamoid bone found in some mammals embedded in the tendon of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle behind the lateral condyle of the femur. It is an accessory bone, an anatomical variation present in 39% of humans. Rarely, there are two or three of these bones (fabella bi- or tripartita). It can be mistaken for a loose body or osteophyte. The word fabella is a Latin diminutive of faba 'bean'.

In humans, it is more common in men than women, older individuals compared to younger, and there is high regional variation, with fabellae being most common in people living in Asia and Oceania and least common in people living in North America and Africa. Bilateral cases (one per knee) are more common than unilateral ones (one per individual), and within individual cases, fabellae are equally likely to be present in right or left knees. Taken together, these data suggest the ability to form a fabella may be genetically controlled, but fabella ossification may be environmentally controlled.

Although the fabella seems to have disappeared with the evolution of Hominidae, it reappeared in humans sometime after they diverged from chimpanzees. It is unknown whether it reappeared soon after this divergence, 5–7 million years ago, or more recently in human evolution.

"The fabella can lead to posterolateral knee pain either due to cartilage softening (chondromalacia fabellae) or other osteoarthritic changes on its articular surface."

🟣 Some interesting facts about the fabella

🔖 Little Bone, Big Impact: The fabella is a small, sesamoid bone located behind the knee, embedded within the tendon of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle.

🔖 Not Everyone Has It: While not everyone has a fabella, its presence varies widely among individuals. Some people have one in each knee, some have them in both, and others may not have them at all.

🔖 Evolutionary Enigma: The fabella is considered a vestigial structure, meaning it has lost its original function through evolution. Its purpose in the human body is not entirely clear, but it's believed to be related to the function of the knee joint and surrounding muscles.

🔖 Varied Prevalence: The occurrence of the fabella has been reported to be more common in certain populations or age groups. Studies suggest that its prevalence has increased over the years.

🔖 Historical Presence: The fabella has been found in ancient human remains, indicating that it's not a recent development in human anatomy. However, its prevalence and significance have changed over time.

🔖 Role in Knee Issues: In some cases, the presence of a fabella has been associated with knee pain or complications. It can contribute to conditions like fabella syndrome, where irritation or impingement of the fabella causes discomfort.

🔖 Imaging Challenges: Detecting the fabella can be challenging through standard X-rays, and more advanced imaging techniques like MRI or CT scans are often needed for accurate identification.

🔖 Orthopedic Considerations: Surgeons may encounter the fabella during knee surgeries, and its presence can influence the approach taken in certain procedures.

🔖 Individual Anatomical Variation: The size and shape of the fabella can vary significantly among individuals, adding to the complexity of its study and understanding.

🔖 Ongoing Research: Despite being known for centuries, the fabella continues to be a subject of ongoing research, with scientists and anatomists delving deeper into its evolutionary history and potential roles in musculoskeletal health.

Dr Messum Raza Alvi
...

وائرس کیا ہیں؟وائرس بہت چھوٹے جراثیم ہیں۔ وہ پروٹین کوٹنگ کے اندر جینیاتی مواد (یا تو ڈی این اے یا آر این اے) سے بنے ہوت...
27/12/2023

وائرس کیا ہیں؟
وائرس بہت چھوٹے جراثیم ہیں۔ وہ پروٹین کوٹنگ کے اندر جینیاتی مواد (یا تو ڈی این اے یا آر این اے) سے بنے ہوتے ہیں۔ زمین پر وائرس کی ایک بڑی تعداد ہے۔ ان میں سے صرف ایک چھوٹی سی تعداد ہی انسانوں کو متاثر کر سکتی ہے۔ وہ وائرس ہمارے خلیات کو متاثر کر سکتے ہیں، جو بیماری کا سبب بن سکتے ہیں۔ کچھ بیماریاں جو وائرس کا سبب بن سکتی ہیں ان میں عام زکام، فلو، COVID-19 اور HIV شامل ہیں۔

وائرس کیسے پھیلتے ہیں؟
وائرس مختلف طریقوں سے پھیل سکتے ہیں:

بوندوں اور ذرات کے ذریعے جو انفیکشن میں مبتلا شخص کے ذریعے سانس لینے سے پھیل سکتا ہے۔ آپ بوندوں یا ذرات میں سانس لے سکتے ہیں، یا وہ آپ کے منہ، ناک یا آنکھوں پر اتر سکتے ہیں۔
ان سطحوں یا اشیاء کو چھونے سے جن پر وائرس ہے اور پھر اپنے منہ، ناک یا آنکھوں کو چھونے سے۔
حمل کے دوران حاملہ والدین سے لے کر بچے تک۔
آلودہ خوراک یا پانی کے ذریعے۔
کسی متاثرہ کیڑے یا جانور کے کاٹنے سے۔
کسی ایسے شخص کے ساتھ جنسی رابطہ کے ذریعے جسے انفیکشن ہے
What are viruses?
Viruses are very tiny germs. They are made of genetic material (either DNA or RNA) inside of a protein coating. There are a huge number of viruses on earth. Only a small number of them can infect humans. Those viruses can infect our cells, which may cause disease. Some of the diseases that viruses can cause include the common cold, the flu, COVID-19, and HIV.

How are viruses spread?
Viruses can be spread in different ways:

Through droplets and particles that are breathed out by someone who has the infection. You might breathe in the droplets or particles, or they could land on your mouth, nose, or eyes.
By touching surfaces or objects that have the virus on them and then touching your mouth, nose, or eyes.
From the pregnant parent to the baby during pregnancy.
Through contaminated food or water.
By being bitten by an infected insect or animal.
Through sexual contact with someone who has the infection.
Post Credits:

Muscle rupture due to excessive weight lifting with associated inferior shoulder dislocation (luxatio erecta)!!😮This pat...
27/12/2023

Muscle rupture due to excessive weight lifting with associated inferior shoulder dislocation (luxatio erecta)!!😮

This pathology seen here is an uncommon event and happens almost exclusively in young, athletic males. In the majority of reported cases, patients were performing weightlifting activities, specifically the bench press.

The pectoralis major is a powerful shoulder adductor that also functions to assist with internal rotation and forward flexion of the shoulder. In order to perform all of these functions adequately, it spans a large portion of the anterior chest wall and has several laminae (heads), including one that inserts into the humerus.

Patients with a ruptured pectoralis major typically present in the acute stages of the injury, with pain, extensive swelling, and ecchymosis of the anterior chest wall, axilla, and medial aspect of the affected arm. If the swelling is excessive, it may mask the loss of the anterior axillary fold that is characteristic of this condition.

However, the ecchymotic patterns are definitive and typical of this injury. In the absence of ecchymosis, determining the correct diagnosis may be difficult, especially in the presence of persistent chest wall swelling.

Surgical repair should be complemented with a well-supervised rehabilitation program, which in most cases brings the postoperative strength back to normal or near normal capabilities.
.

Interesting toe deformity including the corresponding x-ray!This is an example of preaxial polydactyly, thus the develop...
26/12/2023

Interesting toe deformity including the corresponding x-ray!

This is an example of preaxial polydactyly, thus the development of additional toes or fingers.

Polydactyly occurs when the body follows a different set of directions than usual while forming the hands or feet during development. Researchers are still learning about all the genes that cause extra digits.

The trait may be passed down in families as an isolated, benign condition, like having a hitchhiker's thumb or being double jointed. This is considered a non-syndromic anomaly. Alternatively, the trait may exist as part of a syndrome, which is a group of several recognizable clinical features that often occur together.

Some syndromes that might present with polydactyly include Greig Cephalopolysyndactyly Syndrome (GCPS) or Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS).

A prominent example of a person with polydactyly is Liam Gallagher, lead singer of former English rock band Oasis :)

Found on http://bit.ly/1MjTKLd

Address

The Movement Specialist Online Clinic
Sialkot
51310

Opening Hours

Monday 04:00 - 07:00
Tuesday 04:00 - 07:00
Wednesday 04:00 - 07:00
Thursday 04:00 - 07:00
Friday 04:00 - 07:00
Saturday 04:00 - 07:00
Sunday 04:00 - 07:00

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