18/04/2025
๐๐ข๐ฆ๐ข๐ฅ๐๐ซ ๐๐ฑ๐๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ฌ ๐๐จ๐ซ ๐๐๐
In English grammar, ๐ ๐ก๐๐ and ๐ ๐ก๐๐ ๐ก๐๐ both use the verb ๐ก๐๐, but theyโre used differently in terms of ๐ญ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ฆ๐๐๐ง๐ข๐ง๐ . Letโs break it down, and then see how they can be used in ๐ข๐๐ง.
1. ๐ ๐ก๐๐ โ ๐๐๐ฌ๐ญ ๐ฌ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐
Used to describe something that happened or existed in the past.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐
I had a fever last night.
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
The patient is talking about a fever that occurred in the recent past (last night).
2. ๐ ๐ก๐๐ ๐ก๐๐ โ ๐๐๐ฌ๐ญ ๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐๐๐๐ญ
Used to describe something that ๐ต๐ฎ๐ฝ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ป๐ฒ๐ฑ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฟ๐ฒ ๐ฎ๐ป๐ผ๐๐ต๐ฒ๐ฟ ๐ฝ๐ฎ๐๐ ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ป๐.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐
1. When he came to the clinic, he had already had the chest pain for two days.
2. he had had chest pain since Monday.
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
The patient is saying they experienced chest pain ๐๐๐๐จ๐ซ๐ they came to the clinic.
Here, ๐ก๐๐ ๐ก๐๐ is used because we are referring to a point in the past ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฟ๐ฒ ๐ฎ๐ป๐ผ๐๐ต๐ฒ๐ฟ ๐ฝ๐ผ๐ถ๐ป๐ ๐ถ๐ป ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฝ๐ฎ๐๐.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐ 2
Doctor: Had you had any allergic reactions before this one?
Patient:Yes, I had had a mild reaction to penicillin a few years ago.
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
Had had is used to describe the earlier allergic reaction, before the current one being discussed.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐ 3
Patient: I had surgery last year.
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
"I had surgery" refers to a single event in the past โ simple past.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐ 4
Doctor: Before the heart attack, had you had any warning symptoms?
Patient: Yes, I had had chest tightness and shortness of breath for a week.
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
"Had had" is used because the symptoms happened before the heart attack (which is also in the past).
"๐๐ ๐ก๐๐ฌ" ๐๐ "๐๐ ๐ก๐๐ฌ ๐ก๐๐"
๐ญ. "๐๐ฒ ๐ต๐ฎ๐" โ ๐ฃ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ป๐ ๐๐ถ๐บ๐ฝ๐น๐ฒ / ๐ฃ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ป๐ ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฐ๐ (๐ฑ๐ฒ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ป๐ฑ๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐ผ๐ป ๐๐๐ฒ)
Usually refers to something that exists or is happening now.
๐ฎ. "๐๐ฒ ๐ต๐ฎ๐ ๐ต๐ฎ๐ฑ" โ ๐ฃ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ป๐ ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฐ๐
Describes something that started in the past and continues into the present, or something that happened at an unspecified time before now, often with relevance to the present situation.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐ 1: "๐ฏ๐ ๐๐๐"
Doctor: "He has a history of diabetes."
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
The word "has" is used to indicate current status or a current medical condition.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐ 2: "๐ฏ๐ ๐๐๐" (๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐
๐๐๐๐๐)
"He has a fever and a fast heart rate."
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
Describes what the patient is experiencing now โ present simple.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐ 3: "๐ฏ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐
" (๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐)
"He has had three episodes of chest pain this week."
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
This tells us that in the recent past, up until now, he experienced three episodes. The focus is on the effect or relevance in the present.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐ 4: "๐ฏ๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐
" (๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐)
"He has had asthma since childhood."
๐๐
๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
The condition started in the past and continues to the present.
๐ฌ๐๐๐๐๐๐ 5: ๐ช๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐
A: "He has high blood pressure."
(= It is his current condition.)
B: "He has had high blood pressure for ten years."
(= He developed it ten years ago and still has it now.)
