Adverse Drug Reactions

27/09/2022

Short-term effects of alcohol on human body
Brain: Alcohol slows down the chemicals and pathways your brain uses to control your body, altering mood, slowing down reflexes and affecting balance. It also can contribute to learning, memory, and sleep problems.

Heart: Alcohol increases your heart rate and expands your blood vessels, making more blood flow to the skin (which causes you to feel warm), however, this heat passes out through the skin, causing body temperature to fall after it has risen.

Digestive: Alcohol is first broken down in the stomach, promoting an increase in digestive juices. Alcohol also irritates the small intestine and colon where it is further broken down and absorbed, and it also can affect the normal speed that food moves through them, which may result in abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhea.

Kidney: Alcohol dries out (i.e., dehydrates) the body, which can affect the kidneys and the body’s ability to regulate fluid and electrolytes. It also disrupts hormones that affect kidney function.

Liver: Alcohol—most of it, in fact—is metabolized in the liver, which filters circulating blood and removes and destroys toxic substances, including alcohol. The liver can handle a certain amount of alcohol, but as a person continues to drink, it can become stressed to the point of causing permanent damage.

Long-Term Effects of Alcohol on the Body

When you drink excessively and over long periods of time, alcohol can potentially damage many vital organ systems in your body. These health risks include: 3,16,17,18,19

Cardiovascular health risks. In addition to the previously mentioned cardiovascular effects and risk of heart damage, excessive alcohol use can raise your cholesterol levels.

Brain health risks. The long-term effects of alcohol on the brain can cause an impact on memory, learning, and behavior. Alcohol abuse can result in:

Brain shrinkage.

Loss of grey matter.

Loss of white matter.

(American addiction center)

10/09/2022

Side effects

People use methamphetamine because they enjoy the effects. However, it can have some dangerous side effects.

These include:

increased distractibility

nausea

dry mouth and bad breath

dilated pupils

tremors

muscle twitching

memory loss

aggressive or violent behavior

mood disturbances

severe dental problems

weight loss

skin sores from intense itching

rapid or irregular heart rate

increased blood pressure

Long-term methamphetamine use can lead to:

feelings of aggressiveness and anxiety

confusion

insomnia

The following symptoms of methamphetamine psychosis are also possible:

paranoia

aggression

visual and auditory hallucinations

mood disturbances

delusions, such as the sensation of insects creeping on or under the skin

Paranoia can result in thoughts of homicide or su***de.

Researchers have reported that up to 50 percent of the dopamine-producing cells in the brain can be damaged after prolonged exposure to relatively low levels of methamphetamine.

Psychotic symptoms can last for months or years after discontinuing methamphetamine use. They can spontaneously recur.

(MedicalNewsTodys)

03/09/2022

Adverse effects of co***ne on human body

02/09/2022

Co***ne Side Effects & Risks

Co***ne is a highly addictive stimulant drug used by 14-21 million people worldwide.1 Unfortunately, many people suffer unpleasant consequences as a result of their co***ne use. Risks and side effects of co***ne use may include:

Overdose.

HIV infection.

Hepatitis B infection.

Hepatitis C infection.

Mood disorders.

Cardiovascular disease.

Respiratory illness.

Gastrointestinal disease.

High blood pressure.

Poly-drug abuse.

Stroke.

Weight loss.

Seizures.

Altered sleep patterns.

Memory loss.

Slow reaction time.

Short attention span.

Shrinking brain size.

Nosebleeds.

Nose collapse.

Co***ne has a high potential for abuse, physical and psychological dependence, and poses many serious health risk to users. This is why the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) classifies it as a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States.2 It has a few medicinal uses as a local anesthetic, which is the reason it is only one step removed from the most tightly controlled Schedule I drugs.

As a central nervous system stimulant, co***ne elevates vital life functions, such as blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate. Those using co***ne will generally need less sleep, have less of an appetite, and have more energy and focus. They may be more talkative and excitable, have increased self-confidence, and feel good.

(American addiction center)

25/08/2022

24/08/2022

What are Psychoactive Drugs?The term psychoactive drug refers to any compound or substance that leads to changes in mental functions, such as mood, cognition, or consciousness.

Many people associate “psychoactive” with illegal or controlled substances, such as co***ne, he**in, or methamphetamine. But this category also includes legal substances such as alcohol or nicotine.A compound doesn’t necessarily have to be addicting to be considered psychoactive. All it needs to do is act on the brain and transform how you think, behave, or perceive the world around you.

Some drugs pose more dangers than others. The different types of psychoactive drug categories include:

Stimulants, including caffeine, speed, ice, and ecstasy

Depressants, including alcohol, ma*****na, and benzodiazepines

Hallucinogens, including L*D and mushrooms

The strongest and most dangerous psychoactive drugs are the ones that typically require the intervention of professional help when they lead to dependence or addiction. If this describes your or someone you love, seek professional help.

Dangers of Psychoactive Drugs

All drugs prompt a reaction within your body. Some of those reactions are positive and expected; others cause significant and long-lasting difficulties. Those difficulties are magnified when the drugs are abused. Some of the dangers of psychoactive drugs include:
Short-term physical effects include higher blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, problems with sleeping and eating, nausea and vomiting, shakiness, or dizziness.Long-term effects such as cardiovascular illness, respiratory difficulties, kidney or liver damage
Physical dependence, which involves a shift of brain chemistry, leading to poor judgment and uncharacteristic risk-taking, as well as financial problems
Cognitive difficulties in terms of the ability to think clearly and make informed decisions.
The most severe effects are tied to more dangerous drugs such as co***ne or he**in, or even a legal drug such as alcohl.(NIRC)

24/08/2022

Drug:- Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition. Drugs can also affect how the brain and the rest of the body work and cause changes in mood, awareness, thoughts, feelings, or behavior.