Dr.Tariq Alhaidary - د.طارق الحيدري

06/02/2024

nervous system:

1)How sympathetic is activated?

2)What type of it realize?

3)what kind of are acted upon by the sympathetic?

5)What type of responses are seen?

6)How do these tissue responses help us?

02/02/2024

02/02/2024

What does the ANS concerned with?

⚪️ The is basically concerned with the system dominantly even though it has sensory fibers as well.

⚪️ It's a motor system and is mainly concerned with the control of movements.

02/02/2024

What is the supply of ANS?

The supply of ANS is:

⚪️All muscles in the body.

⚪️All the wherever they are.

⚪️Myocardium

02/02/2024

Autonomic nervous system can also named by general visceral efferent nervous system (GVENS)

Autonomic nervous system = General visceral efferent nervous system

ANS = GVENS

10/01/2024

Escherichia coli (E coli)

Culture

5️⃣Sorbitol MacConkey agar (SMAC agar) (redish purple)

🔸Most E. coli strains👉 ferment sorbitol

🔸E.coli O157:H7 👉Non-ferment sorbitol

10/01/2024

Escherichia coli (E coli)

Culture

3️⃣Cystine lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED agar) (green)

🔸LF (E coli)👉 yellow
🔸NLF 👉 (blue, green, gray)

4️⃣Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar (XLD agar) (pink or red)

🔸LF👉yellow
🔸NLF👉pink or red

08/01/2024

Escherichia coli (E coli)

Culture:

2️⃣Blood agar

🔸E coli strains (uropathogenic) which cause UTI 👉 on blood agar medium.

🔸Uropathogenic E. coli has (virulence factor) which causes

08/01/2024

Escherichia coli (E coli)

Culture:

1️⃣MacConkey agar

🔸 fermenters such as (E. coli) turn or pink on MacConkey agar.

🔸 E.coli is Lac positive.

08/01/2024

Escherichia coli (E coli)

Culture:

1️⃣MacConkey agar
🔸Is a , culture medium.

🔸 It's designed to selectively isolate and bacteria and differentiate them based on fermentation.

08/01/2024

Escherichia Coli (E coli)

Morphology:
🔸Gram negative
🔸Bacilli
🔸Motile
🔸Capsulated

Antigenic structures:
🔸O antigen (somatic)
🔸H antigen (flagellar)
🔸K antigen (capsular)

08/01/2024

Escherichia Coli (E Coli)

The most predominant facultative anaerobic in the large intestine.

The importance:

1)Protecting against colonization of harmful microorganisms.

2)Under special conditions may cause serious infection.

3) for f***l pollution of water.

06/01/2024

Enterobacteriaceae

According to their , they are classified into 2 main groups

1)Opportunistic pathogens

2)Enteric pathogens

06/01/2024

Enterobacteriaceae

Natural habitat:
🔸Intestinal tract of human and animals.
🔸 members are widely distributed in the environment.

General features:
🔸Facultative anaerobic
🔸Oxidase (-)
🔸Ferment Glucose
🔸Reduce nitrate to nitrite

06/01/2024

Enterobacteriaceae

Large group of facultative anaerobic, non-spore forming, gram negative bacilli (rod-shaped).

🔸E coli
🔸Klebsiella
🔸Salmonella
🔸Shigella
🔸Citrobacter
🔸Enterobacter
🔸Yersinia
🔸Proteus