14/10/2024
Understanding Multiple Myeloma: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
π What is Multiple Myeloma?
Multiple Myeloma is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow. It disrupts the production of normal blood cells and can lead to various health complications.
Causes
Genetic Factors: Certain genetic mutations can increase risk.
Age: Mostly affects individuals over 65.
Gender: More common in men.
Race: Higher incidence in African Americans.
Signs and Symptoms
Bone Pain: Often in the back or ribs.
Fatigue: Due to anemia.
Frequent Infections: Weakened immune system.
Kidney Problems: Elevated protein levels can affect kidney function.
High Calcium Levels: Can lead to nausea and confusion.
Laboratory Diagnosis
Blood Tests: To check for abnormal proteins (M-protein) and assess kidney function.
Bone Marrow Biopsy: To confirm the presence of myeloma cells.
Imaging Tests: X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans to check for bone damage.
Treatment and Management
Chemotherapy: Aimed at killing cancer cells.
Targeted Therapy: Focuses on specific abnormalities in cancer cells.
Stem Cell Transplant: May offer a chance for remission.
Supportive Care: Pain management, hydration, and treatment for kidney issues.
Regular Monitoring: For disease progression and response to treatment.
π Awareness Matters!
Understanding Multiple Myeloma is crucial for early detection and better management. Share this information to help others recognize the signs and symptoms!