03/17/2025
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation, including the processes of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Its causes are related to smoke from smoking or harmful particles in the air, and in some cases, exposure to occupational dust or genetic factors. Symptoms such as coughing, sputum production, and shortness of breath gradually appear, and there may be breathlessness after physical activity, or even while dressing or performing daily activities. If any of these symptoms are present, a lung function test should be performed. If the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) is less than 70%, a diagnosis of COPD is made.
