03/25/2025
๐๐ก๐ ๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐จ๐ ๐จ๐ฉ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง๐ฌ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ก๐ฎ๐ฆ๐๐ง ๐ฌ๐ค๐ข๐ง ๐๐ง๐ ๐ข๐ญ๐ฌ ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐ข๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ ๐๐จ๐ซ ๐ฉ๐ก๐จ๐ญ๐จ๐๐ข๐จ๐ฆ๐จ๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง: ๐ ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ญ๐ข๐ ๐๐๐ฏ๐ข๐๐ฐ
Susie Suh, Elliot H. Choi, Natasha Atanaskova Mesinkovska
Background: Skin is the organ most extensively exposed to light of a broad range of wavelengths. Several studies have reported that skin expresses photoreceptive molecules called opsins. However, the identity and functional role of opsins in the human skin remain elusive. We aim to summarize current scientific evidence on the types of opsins expressed in the skin and their biological functions.
Methods: A primary literature search was conducted using PubMed to identify arti-cles on dermal opsins found in nonhuman animals and humans.
Results: Twenty-two articles, representing, however, a non-exhaustive selection of the scientific papers published in this specific field, met the inclusion criteria. In non-human animals, opsins and opsin-like structures have been detected in the skin of fruit fly, zebrafish, frog, octopus, sea urchin, hogfish, and mouse, and they mediate skin color change, light avoidance, shadow reflex, and circadian photoentrainment. In humans, opsins are present in various skin cell types, including keratinocytes, mel-anocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and hair follicle cells. They have been shown to mediate wound healing, melanogenesis, hair growth, and skin photoaging.
Conclusion: Dermal opsins have been identified across many nonhuman animals and humans. Current evidence suggests that opsins have biological significance beyond light reception. In nonhuman animals, opsins are involved in behaviors that are critical for survival. In humans, opsins are involved in various functions of the skin although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Future investigation on elu-cidating the mechanism of dermal opsins will be crucial to expand the therapeutic benefits of photobiomodulation for various skin disorders.
Full paper: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/phpp.12578