26/11/2025
Happy Thanksgiving Winslow family!!
What was on the menu at the first Thanksgiving? Two primary sources—the only surviving documents that reference the meal—confirm what staples were part of the harvest celebration shared by the Pilgrims and Wampanoag at Plymouth Colony in 1621. Along with wildfowl and deer, the colonists and Wampanoag probably ate eels and shellfish, such as lobster, clams and mussels.
The colonists did not have butter and wheat flour to make crusts for pies and tarts. That’s right: No pumpkin pie! Turkey was not the centerpiece of the meal!!!
Two primary sources—the only surviving documents that reference the meal—confirm that these dietary staples were part of the harvest celebration shared by the Pilgrims and Wampanoag at Plymouth Colony in 1621. Edward Winslow, an English leader who attended, wrote home to a friend:
“Our harvest being gotten in, our governor sent four men on fowling, that so we might after a special manner rejoice together after we had gathered the fruit of our labors. They four in one day killed as much fowl as, with a little help beside, served the company almost a week. At which time, amongst other recreations, we exercised our arms, many of the Indians coming amongst us, and among the rest their greatest king Massasoit, with some 90 men, whom for three days we entertained and feasted, and they went out and killed five deer, which they brought to the plantation and bestowed on our governor, and upon the captain and others.”
William Bradford, the governor Winslow mentions, also described the autumn of 1621, adding, “And besides waterfowl there was great store of wild turkeys, of which they took many, besides venison, etc. Besides, they had about a peck a meal a week to a person, or now since harvest, Indian corn to that proportion.”
Turkey was not the centerpiece of the meal, as it is today, explains Wall. Though it is possible the colonists and American Indians cooked wild turkey, she suspects that goose or duck was the wildfowl of choice.
Turkey will be on my menu tomorrow, but you won't find eels at my house.
Winslow Heritage Society
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