11/07/2024
This graphic is adapted from the work of Dr. Bruce Perry and summaries his state-dependent brain model. It reflects the hierarchy of the brain's development and the areas in control in the sequence of engagement (also known as the Three R's).
The order of the Three R's is important when we are dysregulated. First, we must address sensory needs and regulate the autonomic nervous system. Then we an relate emotionally through physical hugs, words to convey understanding of feelings, and emotional safety. Finally, engaging the pre-frontal cortex through reasoning, questions, and reflection.
In brain development, the brainstem and autonomic functions are our most primitive and the pre-frontal cortex develops last and continues developing until age 25. This is why is it so important to help kids regulate their senses first through attunement and co-regulation, and to not expect as much verbal communication and understanding from kids when they are dysregulated.
Because a child's nervous system is immature, they often have sensory meltdowns more often than older adolescents and adults. Even more reason to be aware of children's sensory and emotional needs as we are helping to empower them to one day self-soothe and regulate their own nervous systems.
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