08/11/2025
Hormones like estrogen and progesterone are like instruments in an orchestra. They must play together in harmony for the body to function optimally. In the same way you wouldn’t enjoy listening to an orchestra where the brass section overpowers all other instruments, the female body cannot maintain proper health unless hormones are appropriately balanced.
We will explore the individual roles of estrogen and progesterone, the two primary conductors of female health, and explain how a combined approach to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can bring your body back into perfect harmony.
Estrogen is a vital female hormone produced by the ovaries. When estrogen levels are low (during menopause or as a result of certain hormone-related conditions), women may experience a wide range of symptoms, including:
Hot flashes
Night sweats
Vaginal Dryness
Bone loss
Mood changes
Brain fog
Abnormal menstrual cycle
Infertility
Reduced cardiovascular health
Reduced skin elasticity and collagen production
These symptoms can be curbed through the use of bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which transmits biologically identical estrogen into the body via pills, creams, injections, or pellets.
The Risks of “Unopposed” Estrogen
While estrogen therapy can help ease the unpleasant symptoms of hormone decline, an overabundance of estrogen can lead to a condition called endometrial hyperplasia, an overgrowth of the uterine lining that significantly increases the risk of endometrial (uterine) cancer.
To keep estrogen levels in check, doctors often recommend that patients receive progesterone therapy in conjunction with estrogen replacement.
Progesterone is a vital s*x hormone that increases after a woman ovulates. The hormone helps thicken the lining of the uterus (endometrium), creating an optimal environment for implantation of a fertilized egg. While its primary purpose is to support reproduction and pregnancy, progesterone also impacts:
Sleep regulation
Mood stability
Bone health
Nervous system function
Menstrual period regularity & intensity
Different conditions—like Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), hypothyroidism, and chronic stress—can inhibit the production of progesterone. In such cases, progesterone HRT can help stabilize hormone levels.
Furthermore, healthcare providers often suggest women undergoing estrogen therapy also take progesterone to prevent endometrial hyperplasia.
The best safeguard for uterine health is to use a combined approach.
Beyond the protection of the uterine lining, administering estrogen and progesterone replacement therapy together offers more comprehensive relief for a wider range of menopausal and perimenopausal symptoms and helps support overall heart, brain, and bone health.
Of course, the best way to determine your ideal treatment plan is to schedule a personalized consultation and lab testing with a hormone specialist like Dr. Holmes and the BioSymmetry Wilmington team.