03/02/2026
The NAME of the therapy listed in a COURT ORDER determines who is in the room.
INDIVIDUAL THERAPY means I am treating one person. If that person is a child, I will meet with the parents for intake and background information. Parents may schedule separate consultations as clinically appropriate, but the child is the identified client and the only person participating in regular sessions.
FAMILY THERAPY allows for the greatest flexibility. Family therapy simply means two or more family members are present. I determine who should attend each session based on clinical need. That may include the entire family, just the parents, only the children, or different combinations over time. The ultimate goal is improving overall family functioning.
CO-PARENTING THERAPY is therapy focused on the parents. The primary participants are the two parents. Depending on the dynamics of the family, a child may join a session. In some Orders, the spouse or partner of one or both parents may also be included. Regardless of who attends a particular session, the goal remains improving the parents’ ability to co-parent effectively.
REUNIFICATION THERAPY typically begins with separate intake meetings with the custodial parent, the estranged parent, and the child or children. The work then progresses to structured sessions between the estranged parent and the child or children. During this phase, I generally have less ongoing contact with the custodial parent. The goal of reunification therapy is to build or rebuild healthy parent-child contact in situations of estrangement, when it is clinically appropriate and safe to do so.
ASSESSMENT FOR THERAPY. Including the word “assessment” in an Order can also be incredibly helpful. For example, an Order may direct an assessment to determine whether a child has the capacity to engage in reunification therapy, or authorize a limited number of co-parenting sessions to assess whether the parents can effectively participate in co-parenting therapy or whether a Parenting Coordinator or Guardian ad Litem may be more appropriate. Assessment language provides clarity before committing everyone to a long-term therapeutic structure.