09/17/2013
A “Joe” Knows – Alzheimer Fact: An early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease (or other forms of dementia) are beneficial for several reasons. It can tell people whether their symptoms are from Alzheimer’s or another cause, such as stroke, tumor, Parkinson’s disease, sleep disturbances, side effects of medications, or other conditions that may be treatable and possibly reversible. Beginning treatment early on in the disease process can help preserve function for some time, even though the underlying disease process cannot be changed. Having an early diagnosis also helps families plan for the future, make living arrangements, take care of financial and legal matters, and develop support networks. In addition, an early diagnosis can provide greater opportunities for people to get involved in clinical trials. In a typical clinical trial, scientists test a drug or treatment to see if that intervention is effective and for what patient’s it would work best. At this current time, there are four (4) medications approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat Alzheimer’s. They are: Donepezil (Aricept®), Rivastigmine (Exelon®), Galantamine (Razadyne®) and Memantine (Namenda®). The first three are used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer’s (but Donepezil can be used for severe Alzheimer’s as well). The fourth drug, Memantine (Namenda®), is used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer’s. These drugs work by regulating neurotransmitters (the chemicals that transmit messages between neurons). They may help maintain thinking, memory, and speaking skills, and help with certain behavioral problems. However, these drugs don’t change the underlying disease process, and are effective for some but not all people and may only help a limited time. One other drug, and the first Alzheimer drug ever, Tacrine (Cognex) was used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer’s’ back in the 90’s but was discontinued in the US due to the serious side effects. Scientists don’t yet fully understand what causes Alzheimer’s disease, but it has become increasingly clear that it develops because of a complex series of events that take place in the brain over a long period of time. It is likely that the causes include some mix of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Because people differ in their genetic make-up and lifestyle, the importance of any one of these factors in increasing or decreasing the risk of developing Alzheimer’s may differ from person to person. This is why an early diagnosis is so important to us all. Thank you, Joe.