04/26/2025
Hoodoo, Africa, and her Diaspora...
Hoodoo's African influence is vast. While many misinform that Hoodoo is derivative from one African source. Hoodoo is as varied as the African dna who practice it, which very admixed and not from one tribe.
Hoodoo is a cultural way of life established by enslaved Africans but gained full recognition when descendants of the Kongo, Igbo, Akan, Mande, Yoruba, Fon, Fula, Ewe, etc., tribes expressed their way of life by synchronizing their traditions. This birthed an ethnic group unique to the United States, who are their descendants.
Proof and clues of this matter is showcased in the people, terms, food, music, and more.
For example, Hoodoo's great Sam Nightingale, from Guinea (also known as Guinea Sam), contributed his spiritual knowledge. The Wolof of Senegal brought concepts like the gris-gris bag to New Orleans, Louisiana. Those researching genealogy may find ancestors with the surname Senegal, describing their place of origin. According to history, in 1850, Boilat proposed that "Senegal" was a European-friendly conversion of the Wolof phrase "Sunu gaal."
Hoodoo terms reflect its origins in not only the Congo but also many parts of West Africa. For example, the term "wanga" in Louisiana means charm, while "wangateurs" are charm makers. Primarily used in Mississippi to describe a charm maker or rootworker, it derives from the Ga term of Ghana, "wong," meaning charm.
Here are a few examples of cultural words used in everyday language: African people brought their language, leading to the development of the African American dialect.
* Mojo – possibly from the Fula word *moco'o*, "medicine man"—a mojo is seen as an entity or spirit serving as medicine or a helping hand.
* Sambo – Fula *sambo*, meaning uncle.
* Tilapia – from the Tswana word *tlhapi*, meaning fish.
* Vodou – from West African languages (Ewe and Fon *vodu*, "spirit").
* Yam – from the Wolof and Serer words *njam*, *nyam*, meaning to eat or food.
* Zombie – from the Kikongo *zumbi*, meaning fe**sh, or the Kimbundu *nzumbi*, meaning ghost.
* Gumbo – from the Bantu Kimbundu *ngombo*, meaning okra.
* Cola – from Temne (*kola*) and Mandinka (*kolo*).
* Bonki – from Wolof, meaning bone.
Bantu Kimbundu words:
The Kimbundu are a historic ethnic group from Angola.
* Chimpanzee
* Tote – from *tuta*, meaning both "to carry" and "a load." *
Goober – from the Kimbundu or Kikongo word *nguba*, meaning peanut.
Finally, the word Hoodoo itself:
Hoodoo is a word used to describe the spiritual nature and beliefs of African Americans. It comes from Voodoo and *hudu* or *odu*. The word reflects how Voodoo sounded based on the early dialects and accents of African people.Please keep in mind that Hudu is the name of a language spoken by a branch of the Ewe tribe in Togo and Ghana and is not a spiritual practice or religion.
Vodun is a spiritual practice among the Aja, Ewe, and Fon peoples of Benin, Togo, Ghana, and Nigeria. Combining the words Hudu and Vodun (also known as Voodoo) yields Hoodoo. Hoodoo is the practice or way of life of Southern African descendants in the United States. Hoodoo can also come from the Akan word *odu*, meaning medicine, and Hoodoo incorporates physical and metaphysical medicine based on conditions of life and culture.
Most likely, the term comes from many African dialects to describe spirit or medicine because Hudu, Odu, and Vodun all sound similar and ALL applies to Hoodoo. Hoodoo is the infusion of many African people NOT JUST ONE. I can give countless examples that explain the African diversity of Hoodoo.
I say all this to emphasize the importance of honoring and respecting the African origins of Hoodoo by understanding that its origins come from many regions of Africa. Much respect to the ancestors.
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